Table 6.
The effects of palmvitee supplementation on total white blood cells, lymphocytes, CD3+cells, B lymphocyte, in whole blood of nonsmokers and smokers
|
Weeks |
WBC |
Lymphocytes |
CD3+ cells |
B lymphocyte |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a.n. x 109/L | % | a.n. x 109/L | % | a.n. x 109/L | % | a.n. x 109/L | |
| |
Non-smokers (placebo, n = 27) |
||||||
| 0 |
7.62 ± 1.89 |
41.96 ± 9.34 |
3.12 ± 0.77 |
63.54 ± 7.03 |
1.99 ± 0.60 |
10.19 ± 4.06 |
0.35 ± 0.26 |
| 12 |
7.29 ± 2.10 |
42.39 ± 6.12 |
3.04 ± 0.84 |
65.96 ± 6.70 |
2.00 ± 0.56 |
10.89 ± 3.56 |
0.33 ± 0.14 |
| 24 |
7.14 ± 1.53 |
41.85 ± 8.85 |
2.94 ± 0.72 |
64.27 ± 7.12 |
1.88 ± 0.50 |
11.00 ± 3.88 |
0.32 ± 0.12 |
| |
Non-smokers (palmvitee, n = 29) |
||||||
| 0 |
8.32 ± 1.55 |
40.52 ± 6.17 |
3.36 ± 0.70 |
62.07 ± 8.02 |
2.09 ± 0.52 |
11.97 ± 4.00 |
0.40 ± 0.13+ |
| 12 |
8.27 ± 2.08 |
40.39 ± 6.09 |
3.33 ± 0.74 |
62.72 ± 7.60 |
2.10 ± 0.55 |
12.45 ± 4.67 |
0.41 ± 0.16+ |
| 24 |
8.02 ± 1.50 |
38.05 ± 5.80+ |
3.05 ± 0.77 |
61.66 ± 14.23 |
1.96 ± 0.55 |
13.72 ± 4.53+ |
0.41 ± 0.15+ |
| |
Smokers (placebo, n = 28) |
||||||
| 0 |
9.74 ± 2.31 |
40.44 ± 7.39 |
3.91 ± 1.14 |
63.50 ± 7.87 |
2.47 ± 0.71 |
15.54 ± 5.06 |
0.64 ± 0.38 |
| 12 |
9.38 ± 2.45 |
40.53 ± 8.20 |
3.76 ± 1.16 |
63.82 ± 8.34 |
2.40 ± 0.65 |
16.14 ± 4.70 |
0.59 ± 0.33 |
| 24 |
8.81 ± 2.30 |
38.00 ± 8.68 |
3.30 ± 1.04 |
66.11 ± 10.78 |
2.14 ± 0.63 |
15.25 ± 4.40 |
0.52 ± 0.29 |
| |
Smokers (palmvitee, n = 30) |
||||||
| 0 |
8.43 ± 1.86 |
39.27 ± 6.20 |
3.27 ± 0.75 |
65.77 ± 7.75 |
2.16 ± 0.69 |
14.06 ± 3.81 |
0.45 ± 0.15 |
| 12 |
8.13 ± 2.29 |
40.07 ± 7.04 |
3.19 ± 0.72 |
66.27 ± 6.59 |
2.13 ± 0.58 |
14.30 ± 4.09 |
0.45 ± 0.16 |
| 24 | 8.06 ± 2.10 | 37.68 ± 7.29 | 3.01 ± 0.88 | 66.83 ± 7.28 | 2.02 ± 0.69 | 14.40 ± 4.03 | 0.43 ± 0.16 |
Results are shown as mean ± SD. + indicates significant difference as compared to non-smokers taking placebo (p < 0.05), a.n. represents actual number.