Table 3. Characteristics of NYC public schools reporting and not reporting substantial ILI in spring 2009.
| Characteristic | Reporting substantial Spring 2009 ILI | ||
| Yes (%yes) | No (%no) | P-valuea | |
| Instructional level | n = 122 | n = 199 | 0.002 b |
| Elementary schools (K-5) | 66 (54%) | 100 (50%) | |
| K-8 Schools | 30 (25%) | 32 (16%) | |
| K-12 | 4 (3%) | 4 (2%) | |
| Middle schools (6–8) | 17 (14%) | 20 (10%) | |
| Middle/High (6–12) | 1 (1%) | 6 (3%) | |
| High schools | 4 (3%) | 27 (14%) | |
| Other | 0 | 10 (5%) | |
| Borough | n = 122 | n = 199 | 0.002 b |
| Bronx | 12 (10%) | 30 (15%) | |
| Brooklyn | 23 (19%) | 61 (31%) | |
| Manhattan | 19 (16%) | 33 (17%) | |
| Queens | 62 (51%) | 58 (29%) | |
| Staten Island | 6 (5%) | 17 (9%) | |
| Title I eligibility * | |||
| Title I | n = 122 | n = 189 | 0.474b |
| School wide program | 106 (87%) | 160 (85%) | |
| No school wide program | 16 (13%) | 29 (15%) | |
| Poverty rate † | n = 122 | n = 189 | 0.529b |
| 0–25% | 16 (13%) | 23 (12%) | |
| 25–50% | 13 (11%) | 23 (12%) | |
| 50–75% | 53 (43%) | 68 (36%) | |
| 75–100% | 40 (33%) | 75 (40%) | |
| School size | n = 122 | n = 189 | 0.594b |
| <500 students | 42 (34%) | 68 (36%) | |
| 500–1000 students | 58 (48%) | 95 (50%) | |
| >1000 students | 22 (18%) | 26 (14%) | |
| Ethnicity ¶ | n = 122%mean (95% CI) | n = 199%mean (95% CI) | |
| American Indian or Alaska native | 1% (0.39–0.62) | <1% (0.42–0.54) | 0.655§ |
| Black or African American | 29% (23.5–33.7) | 35% (30.7–39.5) | 0.058§ |
| Hispanic or Latino | 34% (30.3–38.7) | 37% (33.3–40.6) | 0.382§ |
| Asian or Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander | 19% (15.4–23.3) | 12% (9.4–14.2) | 0.002 § |
| White | 16% (12.7–20.3) | 15% (11.8–18.1) | 0.534§ |
| Responses ( number of survey respondents ) | |||
| Formation of a Flu Response Team (n = 321) | 95/122 (78%) | 126/199 (63%) | 0.017 |
| Designated or had a room used exclusively for separating ill students (holding room) (n = 318) | 77/121 (64%) | 131/197 (67%) | 0.213 |
| Educated or encouraged students to use respiratory etiquette (n = 321) | 120/122 (98%) | 197/199 (99%) | 0.436 |
| Educated or encouraged students to use proper hand hygiene (n = 321) | 121/122 (99%) | 197/199 (99%) | 0.692 |
| More than 75% of teachers taught curriculum on hand hygiene and respiratory etiquette (n = 320) | |||
| During September 2009 | 78/122 (64%) | 104/198 (53%) | 0.384 |
| During October 2009 | 70/122 (57%) | 103/198 (52%) | 0.27 |
| During November 2009 | 63/122 (52%) | 88/198 (44%) | 0.62 |
| During December 2009 | 63/122 (52%) | 88/198 (44%) | 0.582 |
| Tissue was made available in these location (s) in school (n = 320) | |||
| Classrooms | 115/122 (94%) | 170/198 (86%) | 0.019 |
| Bathrooms | 66/122 (54%) | 100/198 (51%) | 0.532 |
| Hallways | 1/122 (1%) | 5/198 (3%) | 0.275 |
| Admin offices | 107/122 (88%) | 164/198(83%) | 0.239 |
| Lunch room | 41/122 (34%) | 58/198 (29%) | 0.418 |
| Hand sanitizer was made available in these locations in school (n = 320) | |||
| Classrooms | 112/122 (92%) | 164/198 (83%) | 0.024 |
| Bathrooms | 48/122(39%) | 62/198(31%) | 0.142 |
| Hallways | 13/122 (11%) | 17/198(9%) | 0.537 |
| Admin offices | 103/122 (84%) | 159/198 (80%) | 0.352 |
| Lunchroom | 52/122 (43%) | 65/198 (33%) | 0.077 |
| Cover your cough posters were made available in these locations in school (n = 320) | |||
| Classrooms | 50/122 (41%) | 91/198 (46%) | 0.384 |
| Bathrooms | 52/122(43%) | 92/198(46%) | 0.502 |
| Hallways | 96/122 (79%) | 151/198(76%) | 0.616 |
| Admin offices | 57/122 (47%) | 87/198 (44%) | 0.627 |
| Lunchroom | 73/122 (60%) | 114/198 (58%) | 0.69 |
| Frequently cleaned areas and items that are more likely to have frequent hand contact (n = 318) | 103/121 (85%) | 153/197 (78%) | 0.069 |
| Communicated with students about flu at least once using the following methods (n = 317) | |||
| Letters or handouts | 107/121 (88%) | 167/196 (85%) | 0.191 |
| School assemblies | 88/121 (73%) | 119/196(61%) | 0.089 |
| E-mails | 14/121 (12%) | 26/196 (13%) | 0.364 |
| Social Media (Facebook, twitter, etc) | 1/121 (1%) | 4/196 (2%) | 0.098 |
| Internet | 34/121 (28%) | 66/196 (34%) | 0.038 |
a
Participating schools compared to nonparticipating schools.
b
Chi-square test.
§
Satterthwaite T-test of Mean Difference, two-sided exact Pr>|t|.
*
A federal program that provides financial assistance to Local Education Agencies and schools with high numbers or high percentages of poor children.
†
The percentage of public schools where ≥75% of students are eligible for free or reduced price lunch.
¶
Proportion of each ethnic group in schools.