Table 3. AMOVA calculation results for 10 Y-STRs.
| Groupsa | Among groups | Among populations within groups | Within populations |
| Moldavians vs. Romanians | 1.66 (P = 0.18851) | 2.20 (P = 0.00020) | 96.14 (P = 0.00000) |
| Moldavians vs. Eastern and Western Slavs | −0.11 (P = 0.62168) | 1.86 (P = 0.00000) | 98.24 (P = 0.00000) |
| Romanians vs. Eastern and Western Slavs | 5.18 (P = 0.00069) | 1.85 (P = 0.00000) | 92.97 (P = 0.00000) |
| Moldavians vs. Balkans | 1.57 (P = 0.16277) | 3.44 (P = 0.00000) | 94.99 (P = 0.00000) |
| Romanians vs. Balkans | −0.56 (P = 0.58693) | 3.50 (P = 0.00000) | 97.06 (P = 0.00000) |
| Moldavians vs. Italians | 12.07 (P = 0.04525) | 2.65 (P = 0.00000) | 85.28 (P = 0.00000) |
| Romanians vs. Italians | 11.05 (P = 0.00941) | 2.73 (P = 0.00000) | 86.22 (P = 0.00000) |
a
Twenty nine populations (the same as in MDS analysis) were pooled into five groups defined according to ethnicity (Moldavians, Romanians, Eastern and Western Slavs, Italians) or geography (Balkans) (Table S3).