Table 1.

Demographics and perioperative outcomes for all patients and stratified by tumor size, location, and clinical N status.

	All Patients (n=916)	Peripheral , ≤ 3cm, and Clinical N0 (n=329)	Central, > 3 cm, or Clinical N1- N3 (n=504)	P*
Baseline Characteristics
Median Age (Range)	67 (21-93)	67 (38-88)	68 (21-93)	0.2
% Predicted Forced Expiratory Volume in One	74±20	78±21	72±20	<0.0001
Second (%) % Predicted Diffusion Capacity to Carbon Monoxide	77±21	82±21	75±21	<0.0001
Smoking History	792 (86%)	274 (83%)	444 (88%)	0.051
Coronary Artery Disease	196 (21%)	61 (18%)	125 (25%)	0.04
Diabetes	150 (16%)	60 (18%)	80 (16%)	0.4
Previous Thoracic Surgery	144 (16%)	39 (12%)	92 (18%)	0.01
Prior Chemotherapy	60 (6%)	9 (3%)	48 (10%)	0.0001
Prior Radiation	48 (5%)	14 (4%)	31 (6%)	0.3
Congestive Heart Failure	43 (5%)	18 (5%)	22 (4%)	0.4
Renal Insufficiency	41 (4%)	13 (4%)	26 (5%)	0.5
Outcomes
Perioperative Mortality	14 (1.6%)	4 (1.2%)	8 (1.6%)	0.8
Conversion	36 (4%)	11 (3%)	23 (5%)	0.5
Hospital Stay (Days)	4.9±4.3	4.4±3.7	5.3±4.8	0.005
Hospital Stay > 14 days	25 (3%)	6 (2%)	19 (4%)	0.15
Overall Morbidity	296 (32%)	85 (26%)	188 (37%)	0.0007
Pathologic Stage				<0.0001
Stage I	634 (69%)	280 (85%)	296 (59%)
Stage II-IV	282 (31%)	49 (15%)	208 (41%)
Atrial fibrillation	128 (14%)	41 (12%)	76 (15%)	0.3
Prolonged Air Leak Greater than 5 Days	107 (12%)	28 (9%)	70 (14%)	0.02
Need for post-operative Bronchoscopy	54 (6%)	9 (3%)	44 (9%)	0.0004
Post-operative Transfusion	47 (5%)	12 (4%)	34 (7%)	0.06
Pneumonia	30 (3%)	8 (2%)	21 (4.2%)	0.2
Need for New Chest Tube	22 (2%)	5 (2%)	16 (3%)	0.2
Confusion/Delirium	16 (2%)	4 (1%)	11 (2%)	0.4
Re-Intubation	15 (2%)	1 (0.3%)	14 (3%)	0.007
Renal Failure	13 (1%)	5 (2%)	8 (2%)	1
Myocardial Infarction	4 (0.4%)	0	3 (0.6%)	0.3
Tracheostomy	4 (0.4%)	1 (0.3%)	3 (0.6%)	1
Reoperation for Bleeding	3 (0.3%)	0	3 (0.6%)	0.3
Empyema	3 (0.3%)	1 (0.3%)	2 (0.4%)	1

^*comparison between Peripheral, ≤ 3cm, and Clinical N0 versus Central, > 3 cm, or Clinical N1-N3