Fig. 4.

Average percentage survival (± SEM) of Conotrachelus nenuphar larvae following exposure to 12 d exposure (12 dpi) entomopathogenic nematodes in clay loam soil (from West Virginia). Hb = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Hi = H. indica, Sf = Steinernema feltiae, Sk = S. kraussei, Srar = S. rarum, Sr = S. riobrave; strain designations are indicated after the species abbreviation and hyphen. Control = water only. Different letters above bars indicate statistically significant differences (SNK test, % = 0.05).