Therapeutic effect of dEpoB and aza-EpoB against MX-1 xenografts in nude mice. MX-1 tumor tissue (50 mg/mouse) was implanted s.c. onto nude mice on day 0. The control mice (◊, n = 5) received vehicle only. Aza-EpoB 4 mg/kg (□, n = 5), 6 mg/kg (Δ, n = 5), and dEpoB 30 mg/kg (O, n = 5) were given via 6-h i.v. infusion Q2D × 6 on days 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20. On day 10, the average tumor size was 120 mm3. The second cycle of treatments (Q2D × 3) with aza-EpoB (4 mg/kg) and aza-EpoB (6 mg/kg) started on days 26, 28, and 30. On day 30, the mice in these two groups were killed because of excessive tumor burden. The second cycle of treatments for dEpoB (30 mg/kg, Q2D × 5) started on day 26 and ended on day 34. On day 22, one of five mice in the group treated with aza-EpoB (6 mg/kg) died of toxicity. The three of five mice treated with dEpoB exhibited tumor disappearance on days 32, 38, and 40. In the aza-EpoB (6 mg/kg)-treated group, one of five mice died of toxicity on day 22.