Table 1. Sample characteristics.
| Total | Group 1: Antibiotics | Group 2: Surgery | ||
| Lalo | Pobè | Zagnanado | ||
| (n = 130) | (n = 34) | (n = 32) | (n = 64) | |
| Female sex, No. (%) | 52 (40.0) | 15 (44.1) | 12 (37.5) | 25 (39.1) |
| Age, mean, (sd) | 36.3 (13.2) | 31.5 (11.4) | 38.6 (15.0) | 37.6 (12.9) |
| Religion, No. (%) | ||||
| Traditional | 29 (22.3) | 15 (44.1) | 4 (12.5) | 10 (15.6) |
| Catholic | 39 (30.0) | 2 (5.9) | 17 (53.1) | 20 (31.3) |
| Protestant | 15 (11.5) | 1 (2.9) | 0 | 14 (21.9) |
| Muslim | 3 (2.3) | 0 | 2 (6.3) | 1 (1.6) |
| Other religions | 44 (33.8) | 16 (47.1) | 9 (28.1) | 19 (29.7) |
| Ethnicity, No. (%) | ||||
| Fon | 119 (92.2) | 25 (75.8) | 31 (96.9) | 63 (98.4) |
| Adja | 10 (1.6) | 8 (24.2) | 1 (3.1) | 1 (1.6) |
| Level of education, No. (%) | ||||
| Never attended | 69 (55.6) | 20 (64.5) | 12 (37.5) | 37 (60.7) |
| Incomplete primary | 29 (22.4) | 5 (16.1) | 11 (34.4) | 13 (21.3) |
| Completed primary | 8 (6.5) | 3 (9.7) | 2 (6.3) | 3 (4.9) |
| Incomplete secondary | 16 (12.9) | 3 (9.7) | 6 (18.8) | 7 (11.5) |
| Completed secondary or more | 2 (1.6) | 0 | 1 (3.1) | 1 (1.6) |
| Employment status, No. (%) | 130 (100) | 34 (100) | 32 (100) | 64 (100) |
| Total monthly family income (€), Mean (sd) | 37.55 (32.77) | 33.68 (26.82) | 33.66 (17.00) | 42.29 (40.57) |
| General health status (scale 1–5) Mean (sd) | 3.4 (0.83) | 3.8 (0.74) | 3.4 (0.75) | 3.3 (0.86) |
| Health insurance YES, No. (%) | 6 (4.6) | 3 (8.8) | 1 (3.1) | 2 (3.1) |