Table 1.

Effect of vitrification containers on the developmental competence and apoptosis rate of cleavage-stage mouse embryos after vitrification and warming

Values are presented as number (%) or mean±SD. Values with different superscripts within columns are not significant different at p>0.05. Survived embryos, produced blastocysts and hatching blastocysts: chi-square test.

No. of total cells, No. (%) of apoptotic cells: analysis of variance (Tukey's test); EM, electron microscopy; TPS, thin plastic strip.

^aAfter warming, the embryos were cultured in vitro for 48 hours, and the rate of reaching the blastocyst stage was assessed; ^bAfter warming, the embryos were cultured in vitro for 72 hours, and the hatching rate of the embryos was assessed.