Figure 1.

Experimental design. (A) Drawing was investigated in a three-phase paradigm consisting of a memory-guided drawing task, abbreviated as “MemoryDraw” (MD), plus two control tasks: a motor-control and negative memory-control task “Scribble” (S), and a task of perceptual exploration and memorization of the model to be drawn “Explore/Memorize” (E/M). Each task’s duration was 20 s, with 20 s null intervals interposed between the tasks, the whole 140 s trial sequence being repeated 12 times in each scanning session using a new image for each repeat. (B) Raised-line drawings of realistic faces and objects were presented as templates to be explored by the subject using her left hand. The quality of the reproductions was assessed by a masked rating procedure, based on recognition and similarity to the templates (examples of reproduction are shown in Figure 3).