Table 1.
Methodological quality, based on Jadad scale, of 47* included trials on efficacy of vitamin and antioxidant supplements in prevention of cardiovascular diseases
| Randomisation | Description of randomisation methods | Double blind | Used identical placebo | Follow-up reporting | Total score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steiner, 199513 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Omenn, 1996 (CARET)14 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Stephens, 1996 (CHAOS)15 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Mark, 1996 (LNIT)16 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Hennekens, 1996 (PHS)17 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Greenberg, 1996 (SCP)18 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Rapola, 1997 (ATBC)19 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Virtamo, 1998 (ATBC)20 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| GISSI, 199921 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Komulainen, 1999 (KOS)22 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Green, 1999 (NSCP)23 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Yusuf, 2000 (HOPE)24 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Boaz, 2000 (SPACE)25 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Brown, 2001 (HATS)26 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| De Gaetano, 2001 (PPP)27 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| You, 200128 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| HPS, 200230 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Schnyder, 2002 (SHS)31 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Waters, 2002 (WAVE)32 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Liem, 2003 (Goes)33 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Righetti, 200334 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Trivedi, 200335 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Lange, 200436 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Hercberg, 2004 (SU.VI.MAX)37 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Toole, 2004 (VISP)38 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Wrone, 200439 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Brazier, 200540 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Lee, 2005 (WHS)41 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Zoungas, 2006 (ASFAST)42 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Lonn, 2006 (HOPE-2)43 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Bønaa, 2006 (NORVIT)44 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Stranges, 2006 (NPC)45 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Jamison, 2007 (HOST)46 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Hsia, 2007 (WHI)47 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Berggren, 200848 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Milman, 2008 (ICARE)49 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Prince, 200850 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Albert, 2008 (WAFACS)51 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Ebbing, 2008 (WENBIT)52 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Hodis, 2009 (BVAIT)53 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| House, 2010 (DIVINe)54 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Heinz, 201055 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Armitage, 2010 (SEARCH)56 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Galan, 2010 (SU.FOL.OM3)57 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| VITATOPS 201058 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Bostom, 2011 (FAVORIT)59 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Sesso, 2012 (PHS2)60 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
*We were unable to retrieve full text from three trials: Korpela et al, 1989,11 Kuklinski et al, 1994,12 and Rafiee et al, 2002.29