Table 4.
Results from multivariable analysis examining geographic variation in dental procedures among 0-18 year old children enrolled in DDWI from 2002-2008 and the impact of ZIP code level poverty
| |
Ref. Group$ |
Impact of Poverty+ |
Impact of Poverty+ |
Impact of Poverty+ |
Impact of Poverty+ |
Impact of Poverty+ |
Impact of Poverty+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inner-city Milwaukee | Rural 1 | Rural 2 | Rural 3 | Urban | Suburban Milwaukee | ||
|
Diagnostic |
1.00 a |
1.20 (1.12-1.29) b |
1.26 (1.17-1.36) bc |
1.27 (1.16-1.38) bc |
1.26 (1.17-1.36) bc |
1.25 (1.15-1.36) c |
0.95 (0.94- 0.96) |
|
Preventive |
1.00 a |
1.29 (1.17- 1.42) b |
1.37 (1.24- 1.52) bc |
1.45 (1.28- 1.63) c |
1.38 (1.25- 1.52) c |
1.40 (1.25-1.57) bc |
0.93 (0.92- 0.94) |
|
Simple Restorative |
1.00 a |
1.71 (1.53-1.91) b |
1.59(1.41-1.79)b |
1.51 (1.31-1.73) bc |
1.37 (1.21-1.54) c |
1.30 (1.14-1.48) c |
1.01 (1.00- 1.03) |
|
Complex Restorative |
1.00 a |
2.13 (1.68- 2.71) b |
1.44 (1.10- 1.88) ac |
1.29 (0.95- 1.75) ac |
1.51 (1.17- 1.96) c |
1.39 (1.04- 1.87) ac |
1.20 (1.15- 1.25) |
|
Endodontic |
1.00 a |
1.90 (1.53- 2.35) b |
1.33 (1.05- 1.68) a |
1.26 (0.97- 1.65) a |
1.39 (1.11- 1.74) a |
1.20 (0.93- 1.55) a |
1.14 (1.10- 1.19) |
| Extractions | 1.00 a | 1.75 (1.53- 2.00) b | 1.52 (1.31-1.75) c | 1.50 (1.27-1.77) c | 1.58 (1.37- 1.81) c | 1.51 (1.29-1.77) c | 0.99 (0.96-1.03) |
$ Reference group; + Rate Ratios for change in average number of procedures with a 2-fold (log transformed) increase in ZIP code poverty level across all AHEC regions.
a, b, c, ac, bc- Groups in a row sharing the same letter are not statistically significantly different based on p-values (p < 0.05) adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Tukey-Kramer method.