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. 2012 Dec 19;11:113. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-113

Table 2.

Participant characteristics by quintile of daily vegetable expenditure

 
   Quintiles of daily vegetable expenditure (NTD)
  
 
 Q1
 Q2
 Q3
 Q4
 Q5
 P †  
Characteristics n % n % n % n % n %  
Cumulative death rate*
 68.1
 47.6
 44.8
 36.3
 39.9
  
Gender
Male
 157
 17.6
 168
 18.1
 168
 13.9
 180
 23.0
 201
 22.1
 0.214
Female
 199
 20.2
 188
 20.2
 188
 21.4
 176
 19.6
 156
 18.6
  
Age, y
65-69
 122
 14.0
 142
 19.6
 153
 21.5
 145
 22.3
 145
 22.5
 0.003
70-74
 107
 17.5
 129
 22.6
 109
 19.8
 119
 19.4
 126
 20.7
  
75-79
 80
 20.3
 58
 15.8
 57
 16.6
 56
 2.4
 61
 21.0
  
≥80
 47
 26.2
 27
 15.3
 37
 22.9
 36
 21.5
 35
 14.1
  
Ethnicity
Fukienese
 213
 18.8
 239
 20.4
 221
 20.1
 223
 20.9
 211
 19.9
 <0.001
Hakka
 31
 19.2
 27
 13.3
 52
 24.3
 41
 22.9
 39
 20.2
  
Mainlander
 54
 17.4
 55
 18.9
 62
 19.4
 61
 22.0
 75
 22.4
  
Indigenous
 58
 35.3
 34
 17.8
 21
 10.7
 30
 16.2
 32
 20.0
  
Education
Illiterate
 130
 20.2
 122
 19.4
 122
 20.5
 131
 20.4
 112
 19.7
 0.955
Primary and below
 155
 17.7
 164
 19.0
 163
 20.6
 155
 23.3
 154
 19.5
  
Secondary and above
 69
 18.4
 70
 19.4
 69
 19.0
 69
 19.7
 90
 23.4
  
Living arrangement
Lived alone
 145
 23.9
 114
 17.4
 111
 20.5
 116
 20.0
 104
 18.3
 0.029
Live with spouse
 211
 16.5
 240
 19.9
 244
 20.3
 238
 21.9
 251
 21.5
  
Personal income (NTD/month)
<5000
 238
 20.0
 231
 20.9
 200
 20.3
 184
 18.2
 207
 20.7
 0.247
5000-19,999
 70
 17.3
 85
 18.0
 98
 20.4
 103
 25.2
 84
 19.2
  
≥20,000
 22
 13.8
 21
 15.2
 38
 23.2
 36
 28.7
 33
 19.1
  
Chewing ability
Unsatisfactory
 147
 20.1
 128
 19.9
 129
 22.7
 122
 17.9
 118
 19.5
 0.033
Satisfactory
 195
 17.1
 222
 18.9
 222
 19.4
 226
 23.4
 234
 21.2
  
Perceived health status
Good
 118
 16.2
 122
 17.5
 145
 21.4
 143
 22.5
 156
 22.3
 0.144
Fair
 157
 19.2
 165
 19.4
 161
 19.6
 167
 22.1
 153
 19.6
  
Poor
 70
 23.0
 63
 22.3
 47
 20.1
 40
 16.1
 46
 18.5
  
Diabetes mellitus
No
 303
 18.6
 312
 19.0
 308
 20.4
 307
 21.2
 316
 20.8
 0.880
Yes
 47
 20.6
 41
 19.8
 44
 19.8
 44
 22.0
 37
 17.8
  
Physical activity (MET/day)
<1.5
 237
 20.7
 225
 19.8
 209
 20.1
 206
 20.7
 202
 18.7
 0.193
1.5-3
 42
 20.0
 37
 16.6
 38
 17.5
 43
 25.6
 40
 18.4
  
>3
 76
 14.8
 93
 18.7
 107
 21.5
 105
 20.8
 115
 24.1
  
Smoking
No
 280
 18.7
 278
 18.4
 286
 20.7
 283
 21.8
 277
 20.5
 0.803
Yes
 76
 19.6
 78
 22.0
 70
 19.0
 73
 19.5
 80
 20.0
  
Alcohol drinking
No
 297
 19.9
 285
 19.2
 280
 20.0
 281
 20.9
 285
 20.1
 0.207
Yes
 57
 14.0
 71
 19.1
 76
 22.2
 74
 23.5
 71
 21.2
  
Body mass index (kg/m 2 ) ‡
 23.3
 0.30
 24.1
 0.27
 23.6
 0.26
 23.5
 0.27
 23.6
 0.25
  
<18.5
 27
 26.4
 12
 8.45
 15
 19.4
 19
 23.5
 19
 22.2
 <0.001
18.5-23.9
 121
 19.7
 125
 17.0
 121
 21.3
 125
 20.6
 126
 21.4
  
24-26.9
 79
 16.4
 69
 17.7
 85
 19.1
 78
 22.8
 85
 24.0
  
≥27 37 14.1 49 21.3 52 22.9 46 20.0 59 21.7  

* Per 1000 person-years.

† Differences across quintiles were tested by chi-square for categorical variables.

‡ Values are mean and SE.