Table 1.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker candidates in Parkinsonian disorders.

Compound	PD	MSA	PSP	CBD	Conclusion
Alpha-synuclein	↓ ↔	↓ ↔	↔ ↑	↔	Decreased in PD and MSA but not in PSP and CBD. Inconsistent data
NFL	↔	↑	↑	↑	NFL normal in PD but increased in MSA, PSP, and CBD, vs. controls
Total tau protein	↓ (↑) ↔	↑ ↓ ↔	↔	↑ ↔	Decreased in PD and increased in CBD. Inconsistent data
Aβ42	↓ ↔	↓ ↔	↓ ↔	↓ ↔	Decreased in PDD and DLB. Inconsistent data in PD, MSA, PSP, and CBD
DJ-1	↑ ↓	–	–	–	Data is not consistent
8-OHdG	↑	–	–	–	Limited results. Probably increased in PD
Urate	[↓]	[↓]		–	Lower urate levels are associated with a higher risk for developing PD and with a faster rate of disease progression in PD and MSA

Aβ42, amyloid-β; CBD, corticobasal degeneration; DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; MSA, multiple system atrophy; NFL, neurofilament light chain; PD, Parkinson’s disease; PDD, Parkinson’s disease with dementia, PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; vs., versus. 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine.