Table 2.
Short-term effects of PM on the cardiovascular system
| Author | Year | PM | ΔPM (in μg/m3) | Outcome measure | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Morris [32] | 2001 | PM10 | 10 | Hospital admission, IHD | 0.7% (95% CI, 0.4–1.0) |
| PM10 | 10 | Hospital admission, CHF | 0.8% (95% CI, 0.5–1.2) | ||
| Domicini et al. [33] | 2006 | PM2.5 | 10 | Hospital admission, IHD | 0.44% (95% CI, 0.02–0.86) |
| PM2.5 | 10 | Hospital admission, CHF | 1.28% (95% CI, 0.78–1.78) | ||
| Barnett et al. [36] | 2006 | PM2.5 | 10 | Hospital admission, IHD | 1.6% (95% CI, 0.7–2.4) |
| PM2.5 | 10 | Hospital admission, CHF | 3.6% (95% CI, 1.8–5.4) | ||
| PM2.5 | 10 | Hospital admission, AMI | 2.7% (95% CI, 1.3–4.2) | ||
| Pope et al. [34] | 2006 | PM2.5 | 10 | Ischemic cardiac event | 4.5% (95% CI, 1.1–8.0) |
| Samet et al. [9] | 2000 | PM10 | 10 | All-cause mortality | 0.5% (95% CI, 0.1–0.9) |
| PM10 | 10 | Cardiopulmonary mortality | 0.7% (95% CI, 0.2–1.2) | ||
| Omori et al. [35] | 2003 | TSP | 20 | All-cause mortality | 1.0% (95% CI, 0.8–1.3) |
| TSP | 20 | Cardiopulmonary mortality | 1.1% (95% CI, 0.7–1.5) |
PM particulate matter, ΔPM increase in ambient PM, TSP total suspended particles, IHD ischemic heart disease, CHF congestive heart failure, AMI acute myocardial infarction