Table 1.
Micropropagation of bamboos through enhanced axillary branching using juvenile and mature explants
| Species | Explant | Medium + PGRs | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Induction | Rooting | |||
| Juvenile explants | ||||
| 54 Bamboo species | Node | MS + BAP | MS + NAA | Prutpongse and Gavintertvatana 1992 |
| Bambusa balcooa, B. bambos | Node | MS + BAP + NAA | MS + IBA/NAA | Rathore et al. 2009 |
| B. bambos | Node | MS + BAP | MS + NAA | Arya and Sharma 1998 |
| Embryonic axis of caryopsis | MS + BAP | MS + BAP + GA3 + NAA | Kapoor and Rao 2006 | |
| B. nutans | Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA | Yashoda et al. 1997 |
| B. oldhamii | Shoot apices | MS + TDZ | MS + NAA | Lin et al. 2007a |
| Node | MS + BAP + AdS | MS + IBA + NAA | Thiruvengadam et al. 2011 | |
| B. tulda | Shoot apices | MS + BAP + Kn | ½ MS + IAA + Cou | Saxena 1990 |
| B. ventricosa | Node | MS + BAP + NAA + AC | MS + BAP + NAA + AC | Dekkers and Rao 1989 |
| Shoot apices | MS + BAP | MS + BAP + NAA | Huang and Huang 1995 | |
| Dendrocalamus asper | Seed | MS + BAP | MS + IBA + NAA | Arya and Arya 1996; Arya et al. 1999, 2002a |
| D. brandisii | Seed | MS + BAP + CW | MS + IBA | Nadgauda et al. 1990 |
| D. giganteus | Node | MS + BAP + Kn | ½ MS + IBA + Cou | Ramanayake and Yakandawala 1997 |
| Node | MS + BAP + NAA | MS + IBA | Agnihotri et al. 2009 | |
| Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA/IAA/NAA + Cou | Sood et al. 2002 | |
| D. membranaceus | Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA | Yashoda et al. 1997 |
| D. strictus | Shoot apices | MS + BAP + CW | MS + IBA | Nadgir et al. 1984 |
| Node, Coleoptile | ½ MS + BAP | MS | Shirgurkar et al. 1996 | |
| Node | MS + GA3 + Kn | MS + GA3 + Kn | Maity and Ghosh 1997 | |
| Shoot apices | MS + BAP + triacontanol | MS + NAA + rice bran extract | Mishra et al. 2001 | |
| Shoot apices, node | ½ MS + TDZ | ½ MS + IBA | Singh et al. 2001 | |
| D. strictus, D. giganteus | Node | MS + BAP + AdS | ½ MS + IBA | Das and Rout 1991 |
| Oxytenanthera abyssinica | Node | MS + BAP + NAA | MS + IBA | Diab and Mohamed 2008 |
| Phyllostachys meyeri | Node | ½ MS | ½ MS | Ogita et al. 2008 |
| Thamnocalamus spathiflorus | Zygotic embryos | MS + BAP + IBA | MS + IBA | Bag et al. 2000 |
| Mature explants | ||||
| Bambusa balcooa | Node | MS + BAP | MS + BAP + NAA | Mudoi and Borthakur 2009 |
| Node | MS + BAP + Kn | ½ MS + IBA | Das and Pal 2005a | |
| B. balcooa, B. nutans, B. salarkhanii, B. vulgaris | Node | MS + BAP | ½ MS + NAA + IBA | Nurul Islam and Rahman 2005 |
| B. bambos | Node | MS + BAP | MS + NAA | Arya and Sharma 1998 |
| B. edulis | Inflorescence | MS + NAA + IBA + 2,4- D | – | Lin et al. 2005 |
| B. glaucescens | Node | MS + BA + AC | MS + BA + NAA + AC | Banik and Alam 1987 |
| Node | MS + BAP + Kn | MS + IBA | Shirin and Rana 2007 | |
| B. nutans | Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA | Yashoda et al. 2007 |
| Node | MS + BAP + Kn | MS + IBA + IAA + NAA | Negi and Saxena 2011 | |
| B. oldhamii | Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA + NAA | Thiruvengadam et al. 2011 |
| B. polymorpha | Node | MS + BAP | MS + NAA | Arya et al. 2005 |
| B. tulda | Node | MS + Glut + IAA + BAP | MS + Cou | Mishra et al. 2008 |
| B. ventricosa | Node | MS + BAP | MS + NAA | Arya et al. 2002b |
| B. vulgaris, B. arundinacea | Node | MS + BAP + Kn + CW | ½ MS + IBA | Nadgir et al. 1984 |
| B. vulgaris | Node | MS + BAP + AdS | MS + BAP + IBA | Das and Rout 1994 |
| Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA | Ramanayake et al. 2006 | |
| B. wamin | Node | MS + BAP + Kn | ½ MS + IBA | Arshad et al. 2005 |
| Dendrocalamus asper | Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA + NAA | Arya and Arya 1996; Arya et al. 1999, 2002a |
| Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA | Banerjee et al. 2011 | |
| Node | MS + BAP + AdS | MS + IBA + NAA | Singh et al. 2011 | |
| D. giganteus | Node | MS + BAP + Kn + CW | ½ MS + IBA + Cou | Ramanayake and Yakandawala 1997 |
| Node | MS + BAP | – | Ramanayake et al. 2001 | |
| Node | MS + BAP | MS + IBA + NAA | Arya et al. 2006 | |
| D. hamiltonii | Node | MS + BAP + 2,4-D | ½ MS + IBA + NAA | Sood et al. 1994 |
| Node | MS + BAP + NAA | MS + IBA | Agnihotri and Nandi 2009 | |
| Node | MS + BAP + NAA | MS + IBA | Agnihotri et al. 2009 | |
| Node | MS + TDZ + AA | MS + IBA + CC | Singh et al. 2012a | |
| D. longispathus | Node | MS + BAP + Kn | ½ MS + IBA + Cou | Saxena and Bhojwani 1993 |
| D. strictus | Node | MS + IAA + AdS | MS + IBA + NAA + Phloroglucinol | Chaturvedi et al. 1993 |
| Node | MS + BAP + Kn | Ravikumar et al. 1998 | ||
| D. strictus | Node | MS + BAP + Kn + CW | ½ MS + IBA | Nadgir et al. 1984 |
| Guadua angustifolia | Node | MS + BAP | MS + BAP | Jimenez et al. 2006 |
| Pleioblastus pygmaeus | Node | MS + BAP | MS | Watanable et al. 2000 |
| Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii | Node | MS + BAP + NAA + AA + Cyst + Glut | ½ MS + BAP + IBA + AA + Cyst + Glut | Sanjaya et al. 2005 |
| Thamnocalamus spathiflorus | Node | MS + BAP + IBA | MS + IBA | Bag et al. 2000 |
| Thyrsostachys oliveri | Node | MS + BAP | ½ MS + NAA + IBA | Nurul Islam and Rahman 2005 |
AA ascorbic acid, AC activated charcoal, AdS adenine sulphate, BAP 6-benzylaminopurine, CC choline chloride, CW coconut water (milk), Cou coumarin, Cyst cysteine, 2, 4-D 2, 4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, GA3 gibberellic acid, Glu glutamine, IAA indole-3-acetic acid, IBA indole-3-butyric acid, Kn kinetin, NAA α-napthaleneacetic acid, PGR plant growth regulator, PVP polyvinylpyrolidone, TDZ Thidiazuron