Table 5.

Cloning, transformation and transgenic studies in bamboos

Tools used	Species	Achievements	References
Agrobacterium	Dendrocalamus giganteus	Luciferase genes cloned from fireflies (Photinus pyralis) were successfully transferred into D. giganteus using A. tumefaciens binary vector	Wiersma 2008
Cloning	Bambusa oldhamii	Cloning and characterization of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene	Li et al. 2007
	D. latiflorus	A cDNA named DlMADS8 was isolated from the young spikelets of D. latiflorus by rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) and transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana. Transgenic plants of DlMADS8 exhibited the phenotypes of curled leaves and early flowering. After bolting, three novel phenotypes related to inflorescence development were observed in different transgenic plants. No obvious homeotic conversions of floral organs were observed in all of the 35S::DlMADS8 transgenic Arabidopsis plants. These results indicated that DlMADS8 probably plays a role in floral meristem determinacy and is involved in controlling the flowering time of D. latiflorus.	Tian et al. 2006
	Neosinocalamus affinis	Cloned 4-coumarate-coenzyme A ligase gene (EU327341)	Hu et al. 2009
Particle bombardment	Phyllostachys nigra	Generation of stable transgenic bamboo cells using constructs expressing hygromycin- phosphotransferase gene and enhanced fluorescent protein genes namely AcGFP1 and mCherry	Ogita et al. 2011