Table 4.
Effect of calcium chloride dip and gamma irradiation treatments on firmness, weight loss and overall acceptability of Red Delicious apples during additional ambient storage at 17 ± 2°C, RH following refrigeration
| Storage period (days) | Treatments | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 | T7 | T8 | T9 | T10 | LSD@0.05 | |
| Firmness (kg) | |||||||||||
| 5 | 4.4 ± 0.30a,C | 5.7 ± 0.11b,D | 4.8 ± 0.25a,C | 4.8 ± 0.23a,C | 5.4 ± 0.30b,D | 5.7 ± 0.25b,E | 5.5 ± 0.30b,E | 5.7 ± 0.11b,E | 6.2 ± 0.14c,F | 6.8 ± 0.23d,F | 0.40 |
| 10 | 3.6 ± 0.13a,B | 4.2 ± 0.25b,C | 3.6 ± 0.23a,B | 3.8 ± 0.22a,B | 3.9 ± 0.21a,C | 4.6 ± 0.25c,D | 4.3 ± 0.23b,D | 4.8 ± 0.26c,D | 5.4 ± 0.15d,E | 5.9 ± 0.11e,E | 0.30 |
| 15 | 2.2 ± 0.25a,A | 3.6 ± 0.23c,B | 2.4 ± 0.33a,A | 2.5 ± 0.31a,A | 3.1 ± 0.30b,B | 3.9 ± 0.30c,C | 3.7 ± 0.25c,C | 3.9 ± 0.26c,C | 4.3 ± 0.18d,D | 4.9 ± 0.12e,D | 0.30 |
| 20 | BDL | 2.7 ± 0.23b,A | BDL | BDL | 2.2 ± 0.30a,A | 3.1 ± 0.30c,B | 2.9 ± 0.25b,B | 3.3 ± 0.26 c,B | 3.7 ± 0.18d,C | 4.1 ± 0.12e,C | 0.20 |
| 25 | – | – | – | – | BDL | 2.4 ± 0.30b,A | 2.1 ± 0.25a,A | 2.6 ± 0.26b,A | 3.0 ± 0.18c,B | 3.6 ± 0.12d,B | 0.20 |
| 30 | – | – | – | – | – | BDL | BDL | BDL | 2.4 ± 0.18a,A | 3.0 ± 0.12b,A | 0.20 |
| LSD@0.05 | 0.45 | 0.33 | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.22 | |
| Weight loss (%) | |||||||||||
| 5 | 7.5 ± 0.20g,A | 5.4 ± 0.13c,A | 7.6 ± 0.22g,A | 6.8 ± 0.14f,A | 6.2 ± 0.21e,A | 5.9 ± 0.11d,A | 5.5 ± 0.15c,A | 5.5 ± 0.14c,A | 4.2 ± 0.12b,A | 3.7 ± 0.12a,A | 0.20 |
| 10 | 10.4 ± 0.30g,B | 6.7 ± 0.25c,B | 10.2 ± 0.23g,B | 9.5 ± 0.22f,B | 7.8 ± 0.15e,B | 7.2 ± 0.25d,B | 6.6 ± 0.13c,B | 6.4 ± 0.12c,B | 5.5 ± 0.15b,B | 5.1 ± 0.11a,B | 0.30 |
| 15 | UM | 8.5 ± 0.23c,C | UM | UM | 9.6 ± 0.15d,C | 9.2 ± 0.24d,C | 8.7 ± 0.15c,C | 8.2 ± 0.12b,C | 7.9 ± 0.11b,C | 7.2 ± 0.12a,C | 0.40 |
| 20 | – | 10.2 ± 0.33c,D | – | – | UM | 10.8 ± 0.15d,D | 10.3 ± 0.12c,D | 10.2 ± 0.11c,D | 9.3 ± 0.12b,D | 8.6 ± 0.13a,D | 0.30 |
| 25 | – | UM | – | – | – | UM | UM | UM | 10.5 ± 0.12b,E | 9.4 ± 0.11a,E | 0.20 |
| 30 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | UM | 10.6 ± 0.12F | – |
| LSD@0.05 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.40 | 0.40 | |
| Overall acceptability (OAA) | |||||||||||
| 5 | 3.4 ± 0.30a,C | 3.8 ± 0.11b,D | 3.5 ± 0.25a,C | 3.6 ± 0.23a,C | 3.8 ± 0.30b,D | 3.8 ± 0.25b,D | 3.8 ± 0.30b,D | 3.8 ± 0.11b,D | 4.0 ± 0.14b,D | 4.0 ± 0.23b,D | 0.20 |
| 10 | 2.8 ± 0.13a,B | 3.2 ± 0.25b,C | 3.0 ± 0.23a,B | 3.0 ± 0.22a,B | 3.3 ± 0.21b,C | 3.4 ± 0.25b,C | 3.4 ± 0.23b,C | 3.4 ± 0.26b,C | 3.8 ± 0.15c,D | 3.8 ± 0.11c,D | 0.30 |
| 15 | 2.0 ± 0.25a,A | 2.7 ± 0.23c,B | 2.3 ± 0.33b,A | 2.3 ± 0.31b,A | 2.7 ± 0.30c,B | 2.7 ± 0.30c,B | 2.9 ± 0.25c,B | 2.9 ± 0.26c,B | 3.3 ± 0.18d,C | 3.5 ± 0.12d,C | 0.20 |
| 20 | P | 2.1 ± 0.23a,A | P | P | 2.0 ± 0.30a,A | 2.1 ± 0.30a,A | 2.4 ± 0.25b,A | 2.3 ± 0.26b,A | 2.9 ± 0.18c,B | 3.0 ± 0.12c,B | 0.20 |
| 25 | – | P | – | – | P | P | P | P | 2.5 ± 0.18a,A | 2.9 ± 0.12b,B | 0.20 |
| 30 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | P | 2.5 ± 0.12A | – |
| LSD@0.05 | 0.45 | 0.33 | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.22 | |
Values are means ± SD, n = 3; LSD = Least significant difference (p ≤ 0.05); BDL = Below detection level; UM = Unmarketable; Values with different superscript uppercase letters (A–F) within a column and superscript lowercase letters (a–g) within a row differ significantly (p ≤ 0.05); P = Poor; T1 = Control; T2 = 0.4 kGy; T3 = 0.5% CaCl2; T4 = 1.0% CaCl2; T5 = 1.5% CaCl2; T6 = 2.0% CaCl2;
T7 = 0.5% CaCl2, 0.4 kGy; T8 = 1.0% CaCl2, 0.4 kGy; T9 = 1.5% CaCl2, 0.4 kGy; T10 = 2.0% CaCl2, 0.4 kGy