Table 2.
Statistical results obtained from various thin layer drying models
| No. | Model name | T (°C) | Model coefficients | R2 | RMSE | χ2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Newton | 50 |
 *** |
0.9622 | 0.0649 | 0.00460 |
| 60 |
 *** |
0.9678 | 0.0610 | 0.01171 | ||
| 70 |
 *** |
0.9809 | 0.0490 | 0.00431 | ||
| 2 | Page | 50 |
 ***; m = 1.8516*** |
0.9622 | 0.0668 | 0.00447 |
| 60 |
 ; m = 1.7118 |
0.9678 | 0.0633 | 0.00401 | ||
| 70 | k = 0.0002***; m = 1.5265*** | 0.9809 | 0.0519 | 0.00528 | ||
| 3 | Henderson and Pabis | 50 | a = 1.0820***; k = 0.0001*** | 0.9688 | 0.0608 | 0.00550 |
| 60 | a = 1.0723***; k = 0.0001*** | 0.9733 | 0.0578 | 0.01702 | ||
| 70 | a = 1.0463***; k = 0.0003*** | 0.9832 | 0.0486 | 0.00376 | ||
| 4 | Logarithmic | 50 |
a = 1.1751***;  ***; c = −0.1326 |
0.9866 | 0.0411 | 0.00169 |
| 60 | a = 1.1665***; k = 0.0001***; c = −0.1288 | 0.9894 | 0.0378 | 0.00197 | ||
| 70 | a = 1.0976***; k = 0.0002***; c = −0.0660 | 0.9910 | 0.0381 | 0.00267 | ||
| 5 | Two term exponential | 50 | a = 1.9348***; k = 0.0002*** | 0.9890 | 0.0361 | 0.00693 |
| 60 | a = 1.9200***; k = 0.0002*** | 0.9916 | 0.0324 | 0.00108 | ||
| 70 | a = 1.0000; k = 0.0002 | 0.9808 | 0.0521 | 0.00737 | ||
| 6 | Wang and Singh | 50 |
 ***;  *** |
0.9969 | 0.0190 | 0.00032 |
| 60 |
 ***;  *** |
0.9982 | 0.0149 | 0.00016 | ||
| 70 |
a = −0.0002***;  *** |
0.9921 | 0.0334 | 0.00403 | ||
| 7 | Modified Henderson and Pabis | 50 | a = 0.3826; b = 0.3601; c = 0.3355; g = h=k = 0.0001 | 0.9688 | 0.0695 | 0.00719 |
| 60 | a = 0.3757; b = 0.3611***; c = 0.3355***; g*** = h*** = k=0.0001 | 0.9733 | 0.0694 | 0.02459 | ||
| 70 | a = 0.3597; b = 0.3536; c = 0.3330; g = h*** = k = 0.0003 | 0.9832 | 0.0688 | 0.00751 | ||
| 8 | Midilli et al. | 50 |
a = 0.9497***;  ;  *, m = 1.596*** |
0.9953 | 0.0236 | 0.00063 |
| 60 |
a = 0.9651***;  ;  *, m = 1.517*** |
0.9959 | 0.0225 | 0.00061 | ||
| 70 |
a = 0.994***;  ;  **, m = 1.407*** |
0.9988 | 0.0125 | 0.00018 |
***p < 0.0001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05