Table 1.

Phosphorylation.

Modification	Modifier	Histone	Role in DNA repair	Reference
pS139	ATM, ATR, DNA-PKcs	H2AX	Recruits and accumulates DDR proteins (MDC1) to the repair lesion and promotes histone acetylation	Rogakou et al. (1998), Kouzarides (2000, 2007), Paull et al. (2000), Foster and Downs (2005)
pT142	WSTF	H2AX	Recruits activated ATM and MDC1	Cook et al. (2009), Xiao et al. (2009)
pT14	CK2	H4	Promotes NHEJ by 53BP1 recruitment and methylation of H4K20	Fernandez-Capetillo et al. (2004a)
pS1	CK2	H4	Role in DDR	Cheung et al. (2005), Utley et al. (2005)