Table 3.
Association of C-reactive proteine (CRP) levels and urologic symptoms assessed using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for continuous CRP levels (natural log transformation) and categorized as <1 mg/l (reference), 1–3 mg/l, and >3 mg/l. Statistically significant ORs are in bold.
| Men |
Women |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent Variable | CRP | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted* OR (95%CI) | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted** OR (95%CI) |
| AUA-SI ≥8 | log(CRP) | 1.38 (1.20, 1.57) | 1.21 (1.04, 1.39) | 1.33 (1.16, 1.54) | 1.16 (1.00, 1.34) |
| <1 mg/l | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 1–3 mg/l | 1.31 (0.85, 2.00) | 1.21 (0.76, 1.92) | 1.84 (1.24, 2.74) | 1.50 (0.99, 2.28) | |
| >3 mg/l | 2.05 (1.33, 3.16) | 1.43 (0.91, 2.24) | 2.13 (1.40, 3.25) | 1.45 (0.94, 2.26) | |
|
| |||||
| Incomplete | log(CRP) | 1.50 (1.04, 2.17) | 1.30 (0.91, 1.86) | 1.45 (1.20, 1.75) | 1.27 (1.03, 1.58) |
| Emptying | <1 mg/l | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1–3 mg/l | 1.89 (0.91, 3.94) | 1.56 (0.79, 3.07) | 3.10 (1.52, 6.32) | 2.42 (1.20, 4.88) | |
| >3 mg/l | 3.27 (1.06, 10.11) | 2.20 (0.78, 6.17) | 3.27 (3.37, 6.65) | 2.32 (1.16, 4.65) | |
|
| |||||
| Intermittency | log(CRP) | 1.11 (0.89, 1.39) | 0.93 (0.74, 1.17) | 1.35 (0.99, 1.84) | 1.20 (0.91, 1.57) |
| <1 mg/l | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 1–3 mg/l | 1.25 (0.56, 2.77) | 1.07 (0.49, 2.35) | 1.85 (0.83, 4.14) | 1.70 (0.73, 3.98) | |
| >3 mg/l | 0.72 (0.30, 1.70) | 0.42 (0.18, 1.00) | 1.73 (0.81, 3.71) | 1.28 (0.61, 2.68) | |
|
| |||||
| Weak stream | log(CRP) | 1.09 (0.90, 1.33) | 1.00 (0.82, 1.22) | 1.53 (1.23, 1.90) | 1.40 (1.10, 1.77) |
| <1 mg/l | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 1–3 mg/l | 1.18 (0.52, 2.71) | 1.13 (0.49, 2.58) | 2.57 (1.12, 5.89) | 1.94 (0.86, 4.36) | |
| >3 mg/l | 1.06 (0.52, 2.14) | 0.87 (0.42, 1.79) | 3.83 (1.66, 8.86) | 2.68 (1.17, 6.12) | |
|
| |||||
| Straining | log(CRP) | 1.78 (1.20, 2.64) | 1.71 (1.22, 2.39) | 1.10 (0.75, 1.61) | 0.94 (0.64, 1.37) |
| <1 mg/l | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 1–3 mg/l | 4.29 (1.13, 16.37) | 3.52 (0.88, 14.13) | 1.47 (0.42, 5.14) | 1.21 (0.44, 3.33) | |
| >3 mg/l | 4.55 (1.43, 14.47) | 3.36 (0.98, 11.45) | 1.34 (0.44, 4.04) | 0.87 (0.28, 2.66) | |
|
| |||||
| Frequency | log(CRP) | 1.09 (0.93, 1.27) | 1.04 (0.89, 1.22) | 1.07 (0.92, 1.24) | 1.02 (0.88, 1.18) |
| <1 mg/l | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 1–3 mg/l | 1.09 (0.72, 1.66) | 1.10 (0.73, 1.66) | 1.16 (0.76, 1.79) | 1.12 (0.72, 1.74) | |
| >3 mg/l | 1.28 (0.80, 2.05) | 1.18 (0.73, 1.90) | 1.20 (0.78, 1.86) | 1.06 (0.67, 1.66) | |
|
| |||||
| Urgency | log(CRP) | 1.44 (1.11, 1.87) | 1.21 (0.94, 1.56) | 1.35 (1.13, 1.62) | 1.16 (0.96, 1.42) |
| <1 mg/l | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 1–3 mg/l | 0.85 (0.45, 1.54) | 0.74 (0.38, 1.43) | 2.21 (1.25, 3.92) | 1.66 (0.92, 3.00) | |
| >3 mg/l | 2.52 (1.32, 4.80) | 1.62 (0.83, 3.18) | 2.41 (1.32, 4.41) | 1.57 (0.85, 2.90) | |
|
| |||||
| Nocturia | log(CRP) | 1.54 (1.33, 1.78) | 1.36 (1.15, 1.59) | 1.35 (1.19, 1.52) | 1.07 (0.93, 1.23) |
| <1 mg/l | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 1–3 mg/l | 1.25 (0.87, 1.80) | 1.09 (0.75, 1.6) | 2.00 (1.39, 2.87) | 1.39 (0.94, 2.06) | |
| >3 mg/l | 3.04 (1.95, 4.72) | 2.09 (1.30, 3.38) | 2.46 (1.65, 3.65) | 1.37 (0.89, 2.12) | |
*
Adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, SES, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, depression, anti-inflammatory and LUTS medication use
**
Adjusted for age race/ethnicity, physical activity, heart disease, depression, anti-inflammatory and LUTS medication use. In addition, ORs for nocturia adjusted for BMI.