Table 3.

Review of existing literature on the relationships between reproduction and oxidative stress

		Study type	Study design	Sampling time	Sample type	Sex	Relationship with reproduction	Reproduction trait	References
MDA or TBARS | Oxidative damage
Sprangue-Dawley rat	Rattus norvegicus	L	EXPRS	During	Lung	F	+	RS	[26]
Sprangue	Rattus norvegicus	L	EXPRS	During	Uterus	F	+	RS	[26]
Sprangue	Rattus norvegicus	L	EXPRS	During	Kidney	F	+	RS	[26]
Sprangue	Rattus norvegicus	L	EXPRS	During	Thymus	F	0	RS	[26]
Holtzman rat	Rattus norvegicus	L	EXPRS	During	Kidney	F	+	RS	[27]
Holtzman rat	Rattus norvegicus	L	EXPRS	During	Liver	F	+	RS	[27]
Red legged partridge	Alectoris rufa	C	COR	During	Erythrocyte	F/M	+/0	HS	[41]
Eastern chipmunks	Tamias striatus	W	COR	During	Plasma	F	+	BS	[13]
House mouse	Mus musculus dimesticus	L	EXPRS	During/ End	Liver	F	-	RS	[15]
Bank vole	Myodes glareolus	L	EXPRS	During/ End	Liver	F	0	RS	[16]
Bank vole	Myodes glareolus	L	EXPRS	During/ End	Kidney	F	0	RS	[16]
Bank vole	Myodes glareolus	L	EXPRS	During/ End	Heart	F	0	RS	[16]
Bank vole	Myodes glareolus	L	EXPRS	During/ End	Muscle	F	-	RS	[16]
Soay sheep	Ovis Ovaries	W	COR	End	Plasma	F	0	RS	[14]
dROM | Oxidative
C57-Black6 maouse	Mus Musculus	L	COR	Before	Plasma	F	-	BS	Present Study
Great tit	Parus Major	W	COR	Before	Plasma	F	0	BS	[23]
Common starling	Sturnus Vulgaran	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F	-	CS	[23]
Tasmanian Spotted snow skink	Niveoscincus ocellates	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F	0	BS	[24]
Collared Flycatcher	Ficedula albicollis	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F	0	CS	[25]
Adélie penguins	Pygoscelis adeliae	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F/M	0/0	RE	[33]
Eurasian kestrel	Falco tinnunculus	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F/M	0/+	RS	[34]
Seychelles warbler	Acrocephalus sechellensis	W	COR	Δ [During-Before]	Plasma	F/M	0 in malaria infected birds	RS	[30]
Seychelles warbler	Acrocephalus sechellensis	W	COR	Δ [During-Before]	Plasma	F/M	-in malaria infected birds	RS	[30]
C57-Black 6 mouse	Mus Musculus	L	COR	Δ [During-Before]	Plasma	F	+	RS	Present study
C57-Black 6 mouse	Mus Musculus	L	COR	During /End	Plasma	F	+	BS	Present study
OXY | Antioxidant
C57-Black mouse	Mus musculus	L	COR	Before	Plasma	F	0	BS	Present study
Great tit	Parus major	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F	-	CS	[23]
Common Starling	Sturnus Vulgaris	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F	+	CS	[23]
Tasmanian Spotted snow skink	Niveoscinus ocellatus	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F	0	BS	[24]
Collared Flycatcher	Ficedula albicollis	W	COR	Early	Plasma	F	0	CS	[25]
Adélie penguins	Pygoscelis adeliae	W	EXPRE	During	Plasma	F/M	+/+	RE	[33]
Eurasian kestrel	Falco tinnunculus	W	COR	During	Plasma	F/M	+/0	RS	[34]
Seychelles warbler	Acrocephalus sechellensis	W	COR	Δ [During-Before]	Plasma	F/M	-	RS	[30]
C57-Black 6 mouse	Mus Musculus	L	COR	Δ [During-Before]	Plasma	F	0	RS	Present study
C57-Black 6 mouse	Mus Musculus	L	COR	During /End	Plasma	F	0	RS	Present study
KRL © | Resistance of red blood cell membranes to an oxidative burst
Alphine swift	Apus melba	W	COR	Early	Erythrocyte	F/M	+/0	HS	[9]
Alphine swift	Apus melba	W	COR	Early	Erythrocyte	F/M	+/0	CS	[9]
Great tit	Parus major	W	EXPRE	During	Erythrocyte	M	-	RE	[29]
Great tit	Parus major	W	EXPRE	During	Erythrocyte	F/M	-	RE	[28]
Zebra finch	Taeniopygia gutata	L	EXPRE	During	Erythrocyte	F/M	−/−	RE	[7]
Zebra finch	Taeniopygia gutata	L	COR	Δ [After-Before]	Erythrocyte	F/M	−/−	CS	[31]
Great tit	Parus major	W	EXPRE	Δ [After-Before]	Erythrocyte	M	0	RE	[29]

To examine the importance of sampling time in relation to reproduction, we restricted our review to four markers of oxidative stress with existing measurements at different times during the reproduction. Within each marker, studies are ordered by sampling time in relation to reproduction. Study type refers to Captive (C), Laboratory (L) and Wild (W) conditions. Study design refers to correlative (COR) versus experimental studies that either manipulated individual Reproductive Status (EXP_RS) or Reproductive Effort (EXP_RE). Reproduction trait refers to Clutch Size (CS), Hatchling Success (HS), Brood Size (BS), experimental manipulation of Reproductive Effort (RE), and comparison of Reproduction Status (RS; namely, comparing reproducing to non-reproducing animals or intra-individual variation during the course of reproduction). If separate measurements were reported for females and males (i.e. F / M), relationships with reproduction for each sex are separated by a /.