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. 2012 Dec 21;11:175. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-11-175

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Copyright ©2012 Murumalla et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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TLR2 and TLR4 activation by fatty acids. HEK-Blue-2 (panel A) and HEK-Blue-4 cells (panel B) were treated with medium (control), BSA (1.25 and 2.5 μM), PUFA : EPA, DHA and OA (5 and 10 μM), SFA : PA and LA (40 and 100 μM), for 16 and 20 hours respectively. LPS (10 ng/ml) and Pam3Cys (10 ng/ml) were used as positive control for HEK-4 and HEK-2 cells respectively. Results have been normalized to control (1 unit). The graphs show the mean ± SD of the results of 2 experiments (n=12 for each condition).