Table 4.
Postoperative in-hospital mortality in 22289 incident colorectal cancer patients after curative surgery
| |
Total (N = 22289) |
Unadjusted mortality |
Random-effect model* |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | OR | 95% CI | P | |
|
Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
| ≤60 |
3,910 |
1.0 |
1 |
|
|
| 61-70 |
6,224 |
1.9 |
1.76 |
(1.20-2.57) |
<0.001 |
| 71-80 |
8,124 |
4.0 |
2.30 |
(1.61-3.28) |
|
| >80 |
4,031 |
8.9 |
3.34 |
(2.33-4.79) |
|
|
Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
| Male |
12,309 |
4.0 |
1 |
|
0.36 |
| Female |
9,980 |
3.5 |
0.71 |
(0.60-0.84) |
|
|
Educational level |
|
|
|
|
|
| Secondary or more |
3,165 |
1.2 |
1 |
|
<0.001 |
| Intermediate |
4,745 |
2.6 |
1.14 |
(0.82-1.58) |
|
| Primary |
11,625 |
4.4 |
1.25 |
(0.95-1.67) |
|
| Unknown |
2,754 |
5.2 |
1.60 |
(1.10-2.32) |
|
|
Marital status |
|
|
|
|
|
| Married |
14,221 |
3.1 |
1 |
|
<0.001 |
| Unmarried |
6,212 |
5.0 |
1.32 |
(1.09-1.59) |
|
| Unknown |
1,856 |
5.5 |
1.65 |
(1.20-2.29) |
|
|
OPE |
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
14,558 |
1.8 |
1 |
|
<0.001 |
| Yes |
7,731 |
7.5 |
1.54 |
(1.29-1.85) |
|
|
Disease staging |
|
|
|
|
|
| Absence of metastases |
19,064 |
3.5 |
- |
|
<0.001 |
| Presence of metastases |
3,225 |
5.7 |
- |
|
|
|
Comorbidity (Charlson index) |
|
|
|
|
|
| 0 |
16,145 |
3.2 |
- |
|
<0.001 |
| ≥1 |
6,144 |
5.4 |
- |
|
|
|
Year of admission |
|
|
|
|
|
| 2000 |
2,458 |
4.1 |
1 |
|
0.55 |
| 2001 |
2,583 |
3.4 |
0.82 |
(0.59-1.14) |
|
| 2002 |
2,651 |
4.1 |
0.95 |
(0.69-1.29) |
|
| 2003 |
2,687 |
3.9 |
0.75 |
(0.55-1.03) |
|
| 2004 |
2,924 |
4.4 |
0.77 |
(0.57-1.05) |
|
| 2005 |
2,930 |
3.3 |
0.53 |
(0.38-0.73) |
|
| 2006 |
3,006 |
3.5 |
0.54 |
(0.39-0.74) |
|
| 2007 |
3,050 |
3.6 |
0.49 |
(0.34-0.68) |
|
|
Tumor site |
|
|
|
|
|
| Colon |
15,256 |
4.1 |
1 |
|
<0.001 |
| Rectum |
7,033 |
3.1 |
1.05 |
(0.87-1.27) |
|
|
Hospital volume (annual caseload) |
|
|
|
|
|
| >60 |
9,371 |
3.5 |
1 |
|
0.10 |
| 26-60 |
9,430 |
3.9 |
0.87 |
(0.64-1.19) |
|
| <25 |
3,488 |
4.3 |
1.14 |
(0.76-1.69) |
|
|
APR-DRG risk-of-mortality score |
|
|
|
|
|
| Low |
12,740 |
0.8 |
1 |
|
<0.001 |
| Medium |
7,869 |
3.9 |
4.47 |
(3.54-5.66) |
|
| High |
1,359 |
19.1 |
25.77 |
(19.80-33.54) |
|
| Extreme | 321 | 56.7 | 153.03 | (109.81-213.27) | |
*Given the correlation between APR-DRG risk-of-mortality score, tumor stage and comorbidity score these predictors were not included in the models simultaneously.
‡Unmarried includes single, separated, divorced and widowed.
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; APR-DRG: all-patient-refined-diagnosis-related group; OPE: obstruction, perforation or emergency admission.