Table 2.
Medications given to patients within the last 24 h before testing in sample I
| Buprenorphine (n = 52) | Methadone (n = 52) | Group comparison p-values | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opioid agonist drug (M ± SD) |
20 ± 6 mg |
− |
− |
| Buprenorphine (M ± SD) |
− |
113 ± 49 mg |
|
| |
|
|
|
| Patients using any psychoactive medication, other than opioid |
42 (81%) |
43 (83%) |
p = 1.00 |
| Patients using any BDZ drug |
37 (71%) |
38 (73%) |
p = 1.00 |
| diazepam |
29 (56%) |
24 (46%) |
p = .43 |
| oxazepam |
8 (15%) |
14 (27%) |
p = .15 |
| Benzodiazepine, diazepam equivalent dose (M ± SD) |
22 ± 10 mg |
21 ± 10 mg |
p = 0.77 |
| The number psychoactive drugs, other than opioid or BZDa |
|
|
|
| (M ± SD) |
1.2 ± 1.2 |
1.2 ± 1.2 |
p = .81 |
| 0, no. patients (%) |
18 (35%) |
19 (36%) |
p = 1.00 |
| 1 no. patients (%) |
19 (37%) |
13 (25%) |
p = .29 |
| 2 no. patients (%) |
9 (17%) |
13 (25%) |
p = .47 |
| 3 no. patients (%) |
2 (4%) |
5 (10%) |
p = .44 |
| 4 or more no. patients (%) |
4 (7%) |
2 (4%) |
p = .68 |
| Patients using psychoactive drug, other than opioid or BZD |
|
|
|
| Any drugb |
34 (65%) |
33 (63%) |
p = 1.00 |
| Anticonvulsants |
6 (12%) |
5 (10%) |
p = 1.00 |
| Antidepressants |
22 (42%) |
13 (25%) |
p = .096 |
| Antihistamines |
6 (12%) |
10 (19%) |
p = .42 |
| Neuroleptics |
7 (13%) |
9 (17%) |
p = .79 |
| Non-Benzodiazepine hypnotics |
16 (31%) |
19 (37%) |
p = .68 |
| Non-opioid pain killers | 4 (8%) | 6 (12%) | p = .74 |
aTested with t-test or Fisher’s Exact Test.
bThese included anticonvulsants (used as mood stabilizers), antidepressants, neuroleptics (used with anxiolytic indications), non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, and non-opioid pain killers.