Table 5.

Genes from upregulated networks: A number of genes from the data set are associated with breast cancer

Gene	Full name	Role in breast cancer quoted from literature
ACHE	Acetylcholinesterase	“Tumor size was significantly higher when the ACHE gene was amplified in breast cancer.” [11].
HSPA1L	heat shock 70kDa protein 1-like	“….HSPA1L and HSPA2 could represent potential biomarkers to follow up the effectiveness of 17AAG in breast cancer” [12].
NES	Nestin	“Among the breast cancer subtypes, nestin is highly expressed in basal breast cancer subtype” [13].
P2RY2	purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 2	“P2Y2 receptor-mediated modulation of estrogen-induced proliferation of breast cancer cells” [14].
PLCG1	phospholipase C, gamma 1	“Phospholipase Cgamma1 is required for metastasis development and progression” [15].
PPARGC1A	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	“Associations of genetic variants in the estrogen receptor coactivators PPARGC1A, PPARGC1B and EP300 with familial breast cancer” [16].
PRKCQ	protein kinase C, theta	“PKCtheta promotes c-Rel-driven mammary tumorigenesis in mice” [17].
SNTA1	syntrophin, alpha 1	“….significant increase in expression of SNTA1 protein compared with the normal tissue was observed in breast carcinoma samples” [18].
ALDOA	Aldolase A	“…hypoxia-responsive; prognostic significance in breast cancer” [19].
GNAO1	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide O	“GNAO1 (Gαo) gene was identified in breast carcinomas and shown to promote oncogenic transformation when introduced into cells” [20].
SLC16A3	solute carrier family 16, member 3	“Expression of SLC16A3 gene is higher in breast cancer distant metastasis….” [21].
TPI1	triosephosphate isomerase 1	“Glycolytic cancer associated fibroblasts promote breast cancer tumor growth, without a measurable increase in angiogenesis: evidence for stromal-epithelial metabolic coupling” [22].
ELL2	elongation factor, RNA polymerase II, 2	ELL2 is a Breast Cancer Antioestrogen Resistance (BCAR) 1 gene which control anti-oestrogen-resistant cell growth resistance (BCAR) [23].
CCNG1	cyclin G1	“We have identified cyclin G as being overexpressed in breast and prostate cancer cells” [24].
E2F6	E2F transcription factor 6	“E2F6 represses transcription of the brca1, ctip, art27, hp1α, and the rbap48 genes….” [25].
ESRRG	Estrogen-related receptor γ	“Estrogen-related receptor γ modulates cell proliferation and estrogen signaling in breast cancer & ERRγ mRNA was up-regulated dose-dependently by estrogen….” [26].
MAPK12	mitogen-activated protein kinase 12. Also known as ERK3; ERK6; SAPK3; PRKM12; SAPK-3; P38GAMMA	“…elevated expression of p38γ is associated with lower overall survival of patients with breast cancer” [27].
HSD17B7	hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 7	The stimulation of HSD17B7 expression by estradiol provides a powerful feed-forward mechanism for estradiol biosynthesis in breast cancer cells [28].
TACC2	transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing protein 2	“This suggests that increased TACC2 may mediate an oncogenic effect on breast cancer cells and indicates that TACC2 may be a potential therapeutic target” [29].
DDX1	DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 1	“Here, we identify DDX1 RNA overexpression as an independent prognostic marker for early recurrence in primary breast cancer……” [30].
MYH1	myosin, heavy chain 1, skeletal muscle, adult	Recently, MYH1 encoding skeletal muscle myosin heavy polypeptide 1 and MYH9 encoding non-muscle myosin heavy chain type A, were identified as candidate breast cancer genes in systematic analyses of the breast cancer genome [31].
UCP1	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial)	We conclude that UCP1 is up-regulated in breast cancer cell lines and primary breast as well as other tumors [32].
PACSIN3	Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons protein 3	“New targets for breast cancer treatment were identified such as ZONAB, PACSIN3, MRP8 and SUMO1, which have human homologues” [33].
PGM1	phosphoglucomutase 1	“This gene has been identified as one of the ER status markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer patients….” [34].
TLN2	talin 2	“Serum estradiol levels associated with specific gene expression patterns in normal breast tissue and in breast carcinomas……” [35].
ADIPOR1	adiponectin receptor 1	“Variants of the Adiponectin and Adiponectin Receptor 1 Genes and Breast Cancer Risk…” [36].
PITX1	paired-like homeodomain 1	“The estrogen-regulated transcription factor PITX1 coordinates gene-specific regulation by estrogen receptor-alpha in breast cancer cells…” [37].