Table 3. Association between proportion of monthly energy intake of the dietary macro nutrients carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and risk of oesophago-gastric junctional adenocarcinoma, expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
| Oesophago-gastric junctional adenocarcinoma | ||||
| Dietary proportions | Number of controls (%) | Number of cases (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted* OR (95% CI) |
| Carbohydrate Continuous (per 10% increase) Categories ** I (low) II III IV (high) | 820 (100) 205 (25) 204 (25) 201 (24) 210 (26) | 262 (100) 94 (36) 67 (26) 60 (23) 41 (16) | 0.71 (0.57–0.87) 1.00 (reference) 0.72 (0.5–1.04) 0.65 (0.45–0.95) 0.43 (0.28–0.64) | 0.73 (0.58–0.92) 1.00 (reference) 0.73 (0.49–1.10) 0.67 (0.44–1.03) 0.41 (0.26–0.66) |
| Protein Continuous (per 10% increase) Categories ** I (low) II III IV (high) | 820 (100)201 (25)204 (25)207 (25)208 (25) | 262 (100) 59 (23) 54 (21) 65 (25) 84 (32) | 1.46 (1.04–2.07) 1.00 (reference) 0.90 (0.59–1.37) 1.07 (0.72–1.60) 1.38 (0.94–2.02) | 1.32 (0.90–1.94) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (0.64–1.55) 1.11 (0.73–1.70) 1.27 (0.83–1.96) |
| Fat Continuous (per 10% increase) Categories ** I (low) II III IV (high) | 820 (100) 204 (25) 200 (24) 207 (25) 209 (26) | 262 (100) 42 (16) 64 (24) 71 (27) 85 (32) | 1.67 (1.20–2.31) 1.00 (reference) 1.55 (1.01–2.40) 1.67 (1.09–2.56) 1.98 (1.30–3.00) | 1.62 (1.14–2.30) 1.00 (reference) 1.79 (1.13–2.84) 1.75 (1.11–2.76) 2.10 (1.33–3.32) |
| Distribution model *** : C-high, P-low, F-low C-high, P-high, F-low C-high, P-low, F-high C-low, P-high, F-low C-low, P-low, F-high C-low, P-high, F-high | 259 (32) 83 (10) 69 (8) 62 (8) 77 (9) 270 (33) | 60 (23) 19 (7) 22 (8) 27 (10) 31 (12) 103 (39) | 1.00 (reference) 0.99 (0.56–1.75) 1.38 (0.79–2.40) 1.88 (1.10–3.20) 1.74 (1.05–2.87) 1.65 (1.15–2.36) | 1.00 (reference) 0.89 (0.49–1.62) 1.32 (0.73–2.38) 1.80 (1.01–3.21) 1.75 (1.02–3.01) 1.57 (1.05–2.35) |
*
Adjusted for sex, age, reflux, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, education grade, and total energy intake.
**
Categorised into quartiles of intake reported by the control subjects.
***
C-high = Carbohydrate proportion ≥48%, C-low = Carbohydrate proportion <48%, P-high = Protein proportion ≥37%, P-low = Protein proportion <37%, F-high = Fat proportion ≥24%, F-low = Fat proportion <24%.