Table 2.
List of identified metabolites in umbilical cord plasma and in maternal peripheral blood
| |
NEWBORNS |
p-value |
MOTHERS |
p-value |
Feto-maternal ratio |
p-value |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 30) | LBW (n = 20) | C vs LBW | M-Control (n = 30) | M-LBW (n = 20) | M-C vs M-LBW | Control | LBW | Control vs LBW | |
|
Amino Acids and related |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Proline |
21.74 ± 9.80 |
13.00 ± 7.50 |
0.002 |
12.22 ± 0.92 |
12.10 ± 0.56 |
NS |
1.73 ± 0.83 |
1.26 ± 0.62 |
0.023 |
| Free Choline |
3.76 ± 0.17 |
2.58 ± 0.07 |
0.005 |
5.73 ± 0.79 |
5.80 ± 0.76 |
NS |
0.56 ± 0.17 |
0.46 ± 0.17 |
0.040 |
| Citrulline |
0.67 ± 0.02 |
0.84 ± 0.02 |
0.008 |
15.16 ± 1.09 |
15.34 ± 1.22 |
NS |
0.04 ± 0.01 |
0.05 ± 0.02 |
0.022 |
| Glutamine |
3.68 ± 0.17 |
2.59 ± 0.07 |
0.004 |
0.85 ± 0.06 |
0.85 ± 0.07 |
NS |
3.68 ± 1.16 |
3.07 ± 0.81 |
0.024 |
| Alanine |
9.49 ± 4.10 |
7.00 ± 2.20 |
0.008 |
0.90 ± 0.03 |
0.96 ± 0.20 |
NS |
9.28 ± 3.29 |
7.66 ± 2.64 |
0.041 |
| Phenylalanine |
1.07 ± 0.03 |
1.27 ± 0.03 |
0.018 |
9.78 ± 1.13 |
9.97 ± 0.96 |
NS |
0.12 ± 0.03 |
0.13 ± 0.03 |
NS |
|
Carbohydrates |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Glucose |
2.15 ± 0.98 |
1.59 ± 0.50 |
0.023 |
1.12 ± 0.08 |
1.10 ± 0.09 |
NS |
1.65 ± 0.58 |
1.43 ± 0.42 |
NS |
| Glycogen fragments |
2.70 ± 1.11 |
2.01 ± 0.76 |
0.011 |
2.95 ± 0.33 |
2.82 ± 0.24 |
NS |
0.81 ± 0.24 |
0.71 ± 0.27 |
NS |
|
Lipids |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| LDL + VLDL enriched spectral region |
7.22 ± 1.25 |
7.60 ± 0.99 |
NS |
5.01 ± 0. 50 |
4.96 ± 0.52 |
NS |
1.52 ± 0.33 |
1.55 ± 0.23 |
NS |
| PUFA | N/D | N/D | -- | 4.19 ± 0.49 | 4.38 ± 0.38 | NS | -- | -- | -- |
The values are expressed as mean ± SD; p-value, statistical significance of the differences among groups; N/D, not detected; LBW, low birth weight. Mean metabolite abundance is indicated by arbitrary units of intensity (AUIx10-3).