Table 1. Clinical and biochemical characteristics and exposure to iAs in non-diabetic and diabetic subjects.
| Variables | non-diabetic subjects (n = 32) | Type 2 diabetic subjects (n = 40) | ||||
| Mean ± SD | Median (25th & 75th) | Mean ± SD | Median (25th & 75th) | p | ||
| Sex, Male | (N, %) | 11, 34.4 | 14, 35 | 0.9559 | ||
| Age | (years) | 52.56±2.56 | 53.0 (44.25, 61.5) | 51.85±8.77 | 50.0 (45.0, 59.75) | 0.7406 |
| Weight | (kg) | 76.87±13.47 | 75.80 (68.90, 88.25) | 75.33±12.65 | 74.80 (66.0, 85.5) | 0.6202 |
| Height £ | (m) | 1.59±0.08 | 1.58 (1.54, 1.65) | 1.59±0.10 | 1.55 (1.52, 1.67) | 0.8832 |
| BMI | (kg/m2) | 30.58±5.89 | 29.65 (26.05, 34.18) | 29.91±4.26 | 29.0 (27.3, 32.5) | 0.5810 |
| Waist circumference | (cm) | 102.6±12.26 | 105.0 (93.5, 112.0) | 103.6±10.43 | 103.0 (96.75, 112.0) | 0.7102 |
| Systolic pressure £ | (mmHg) | 128.5±16.67 | 130.0 (113.8, 140.0) | 128.3±16.33) | 130.0 (120.0, 140.0) | 0.9662 |
| Diastolic pressure £ | (mm Hg) | 81±10.46 | 80 (70.0, 90.0) | 79.87±8.89 | 80.0 (70.0, 81.25) | 0.6913 |
| Glucose £ | (mmol/l) | 5.25±0.66 | 5.22 (4.77, 5.79) | 10.66±4.11 | 10.57 (6.93, 13.95) | <0.0001** |
| Total cholesterol £ | (mmol/l) | 5.18±1.47 | 5.0 (3.99, 6.0) | 5.14±1.05 | 5.14 (4.33, 5.63) | 0.8933 |
| LDL-cholesterol £ | (mmol/l) | 1.66±1.12 | 1.52 (0.85, 2.22) | 1.60±0.69 | 1.61 (1.22, 1.80) | 0.6416 |
| HDL-cholesterol £ | (mmol/l) | 1.45±0.64 | 1.30 (1.04, 1.59) | 1.25±0.39 | 1.20 (0.96, 1.51) | 0.1565 |
| Triglycerides £ | (mmol/l) | 23.84±26.83 | 15.65 (10.79, 24.55) | 22.57±16.49 | 18.87 (13.54, 22.13) | 0.5604 |
| Insulin £ | (mU/l) | 14.87±10.81 | 11.80 (6.55, 29.95) | 15.31±8.0 | 14.45 (8.9, 19.08) | 0.3900 |
| Time of diagnosis of T2DM | (years) | 6.77±4.44 | ||||
| Arsenic in drinking water £ | (µg/l) | 78.38±29.35 | 72.21 (60.85, 95.11) | 66.68 36.12 | 71.89 (48.78, 93.39) | 0.0841 |
| Arsenic consumption £ | (µg/day) | 108.60±65.24 | 90.57 (70.16, 148.8) | 125.90 99.04 | 132.70 (49.55, 160.1) | 0.5470 |
| Total arsenic in urine | (µg/l) | 133.40±67.0 | 135.20 (81.04, 168.5) | 100.90 65.21 | 86.92 (52.99, 133.1) | 0.0443* |
Data, except for sex that is expressed by the number and % of male, are represented by mean ± SD and median with 25th and 75th percentiles. Symbol denotes Log-transformation for analysis (£). BMI: body mass index. Symbols denotes statistical significance, p<0.05 (*) and p<0.0001 (**).