Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Bone. 2012 Dec 11;53(1):34–41. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.11.035

Table 5.

Summary of Associations between Body Composition and Bone Outcomes

Section Modulus
Model 4
R2 = 0.73
N = 405		 Cortical BMD
Model 2
R2 = 0.27
N = 415		 Trabecular BMD
Model 2
R2 = 0.27
N = 411
β (95% CI) β (95% CI) β (95% CI)
 Age Positive in men Negative Negative
Female sex and age effects Lower in females and the sex differences are more pronounced with greater age Greater in younger females but the decline with age is more pronounced in females. Lower in post-menopausal women compared with men Lower in females
Black race and sex effects Greater in blacks compared with non-blacks; however these differences are eliminated with adjustment for LBMI Greater in black men compared with non-black men Lower in black men
Tibia Length Positive NS NS
LBMI Positive Negative Positive
Muscle Strength Positive NS NS
Muscle Density NS Positive Positive
FMI Negative NS NS
Exercise (v. 0 MET-hr/wk)
<27 MET-hr/wk NS NS Positive
≥27 MET-hr/wk NS NS Positive