Table 3.

Effect of psychological co-morbidity on Healthcare utilization of patients with Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis

Outcome	With psychiatric co- morbidity Mean (SD)	Without psychiatric co- morbidity Mean (SD)	Adjusted regression co- efficient† (95% confidence interval)
Crohn’s disease
Number of outpatient visits with CD diagnosis	19 (25)	11 (18)	2.80 (1.54 – 4.06)
Number of gastroenterologist visits with CD diagnosis	9 (14)	6 (10)	1.54 (0.84 – 2.25)
Number of abdominal CT or MRI scans	4 (6)	2 (4)	1.06 (0.77 – 1.34)
Number of lower GI endoscopies	3 (4)	2 (3)	0.56 (0.33 – 0.79)
Ulcerative colitis
Number of outpatient visits with UC diagnosis	10 (13)	7 (10)	1.43 (0.73 – 2.14)
Number of gastroenterologist visits with UC diagnosis	5 (8)	4 (7)	0.72 (0.24 – 1.20)
Number of abdominal CT or MRI scans	2 (4)	1 (3)	0.69 (0.40 – 0.90)
Number of lower GI endoscopies	3 (4)	2 (3)	0.50 (0.24 – 0.75)

CD – Crohn’s disease, UC – ulcerative colitis, CT – computed tomography, MRI – magnetic resonance imaging

^†Adjusted for age, age at first diagnosis code for IBD, gender, modified Charlson co-morbidity index, duration of follow-up, and propensity score