Table 2.
Children’s baseline characteristics by grade and school district.
| Characteristic | Grade | School District | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4th | 5th | 6th | Total | Caroline, MD |
Dorchester, MD |
Wayne, WV |
Total | |
| n (%) | n (%) | |||||||
| Overall (%) | 505 (34.1) |
491 (33.2) |
483 (32.7) |
1479 (100) |
520 (35.2) |
431 (29.1) |
528 (35.7) |
1479 (100) |
| Socio-Demographics and Pubertal Status | ||||||||
| Grade | ||||||||
| 4th | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 154 (29.6) |
150 (34.8) |
201 (38.1) |
505 (34.1) |
| 5th | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 176 (33.8) |
135 (31.3) |
180 (34.1) |
491 (33.2) |
| 6th | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 190 (36.6) |
146 (33.9) |
147 (27.8) |
483 (32.7) |
| p=0.014 | ||||||||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | 252 (49.9) |
264 (53.8) |
247 (51.1) |
763 (51.6) |
263 (50.6) |
228 (52.9) |
272 (51.5) |
763 (51.6) |
| Male | 253 (50.1) |
227 (46.2) |
236 (48.9) |
716 (48.4) |
257 (49.4) |
203 (47.1) |
256 (48.5) |
716 (48.4) |
| p=0.461 | p=0.775 | |||||||
| Race | ||||||||
| White | 408 (81.1) |
393 (80.5) |
365 (75.7) |
1166 (79.2) |
410 (79.3) |
238 (55.5) |
518 (98.3) |
1166 (79.2) |
| Non-White | 95 (18.9) |
95 (19.5) |
117 (24.3) |
307 (20.8) |
107 (20.7) |
191 (44.5) |
9 (1.7) |
307 (20.8) |
| p=0.076 | p<0.001 | |||||||
| Maternal Education | ||||||||
| Less than college | 368 (73.6) |
373 (76.9) |
371 (77.9) |
1112 (76.1) |
412 (80.2) |
344 (81.1) |
356 (68.1) |
1112 (76.1) |
| At least a college degree |
132 (26.4) |
112 (23.1) |
105 (22.1) |
349 23.9) |
102 (19.8) |
80 (18.9) |
167 (31.9) |
349 (23.9) |
| p=0.249 | p<0.001 | |||||||
| Annual Family Income | ||||||||
| <$20,000–$39,999 | 213 (42.2) |
227 (46.2) |
206 (42.7) |
646 (43.7) |
191 (12.5) |
212 (20.6) |
243 (23.3) |
646 (43.7) |
| $40,000 + | 292 (57.8) |
264 (53.8) |
277 (57.3) |
833 (56.3) |
329 (24.2) |
219 (28.6) |
285 (22.7) |
833 (56.3) |
| p=0.373 | p<0.001 | |||||||
| Pubertal Status | ||||||||
| Puberty Complete | ||||||||
| Yes | 40 (8.0) |
72 (14.8) |
140 (29.2) |
252 (17.2) |
80 (15.5) |
87 (20.3) |
85 (16.2) |
252 (17.2) |
| No | 463 (92.0) |
415 (85.2) |
339 (70.8) |
1217 (82.8) |
436 (84.5) |
341 (79.7) |
440 (83.8) |
1217 (82.8) |
| p=<0.001 | p=0.113 | |||||||
| Chronic Health Conditions | ||||||||
| Asthma | ||||||||
| Yes | 47 (10.5) |
56 (13.3) |
47 (11.5) |
150 (11.8) |
51 (11.0) |
31 (8.7) |
68 (15.0) |
150 (11.8) |
| No | 399 (89.5) |
364 (86.7) |
362 (88.5) |
1125 (88.2) |
414 (89.0) |
327 (91.3) |
384 (85.0) |
1125 (88.2) |
| p=0.434 | p=0.016 | |||||||
| Learning Disability | ||||||||
| Yes | 22 (4.9) |
28 (6.8) |
22 (5.4) |
72 (5.7) |
31 (6.7) |
19 (5.3) |
22 (4.9) |
72 (5.7) |
| No | 423 (95.1) |
387 (93.2) |
383 (94.6) |
1193 (94.3) |
429 (93.3) |
338 (94.7) |
426 (95.1) |
1193 (94.3) |
| p=0.503 | p=0.463 | |||||||
| Attention deficit disorder | ||||||||
| Yes | 56 (12.6) |
46 (11.0) |
40 (9.8) |
142 (11.1) |
49 (10.5) |
40 (11.2) |
53 (11.7) |
142 (11.1) |
| No | 390 (87.4) |
373 (89.0) |
370 (90.2) |
1133 (88.9) |
416 (89.5) |
318 (88.8) |
399 (88.3) |
1133 (88.90) |
| p=0.426 | p=0.849 | |||||||
| Obesity | ||||||||
| Yes | 102 (24.4) |
100 (25.4) |
94 (24.2) |
296 (24.7) |
92 (22.0) |
82 (24.0) |
122 (27.7) |
296 (24.7) |
| No | 316 (75.6) |
293 (74.6) |
295 (75.8) |
904 (75.3) |
327 (78.0) |
259 (76.0) |
318 (72.3) |
904 (75.3) |
| p=0.906 | p=0.139 | |||||||
| Special Healthcare Need Profile-Types | ||||||||
| None | 291 (67.4) |
275 (67.6) |
274 (68.5) |
840 (67.8) |
307 (67.8) |
239 (69.2) |
294 (66.8) |
840 (67.8) |
| Functional Limitation Only |
31 (7.2) |
25 (6.1) |
30 (7.5) |
86 (6.9) |
29 (6.4) |
23 (6.7) |
34 (7.7) |
86 (6.9) |
| Medication Only | 57 (13.2) |
51 (12.5) |
53 (13.2) |
161 (13.0) |
56 (12.3) |
44 (12.8) |
61 (13.8) |
161 (13.0) |
| Emotional/ Behavioral Problem |
36 (8.3) |
45 (11.1) |
31 (7.8) |
112 (9.0) |
42 (9.3) |
31 (9.0) |
39 (8.8) |
112 (9.0) |
| Other | 17 (3.9) |
11 (2.7) |
12 (3.0) |
40 (3.3) |
19 (4.2) |
8 (2.3) |
13 (2.9) |
40 (3.3) |
| p=0.797 | p=0.896 | |||||||
(1) p-values were computed using the chi-squared statistic.