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Panel A. Cycle length dependence of Vm-ALT recorded from midmyocardial cells using transmural optical mapping in normal and heart failure canine wedge preparation. Heart failure produced a profound leftward shift in Vm-ALT to cycle length relationship, demonstrating that heart failure myocytes have greater susceptibility to alternans. Panel B summarizes heart rate threshold for Vm- ALT (n = 7). Reproduced with permission.
