Table 3.
Means and Standard Deviations of Caregiver Outcomes at Three Time Points by Experimental Condition; Test Statistic, Significance Level, and Effect Size for PFR at Post-Intervention and 6-month follow-up
| Baseline | Post-intervention | 6-month follow-up | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||
| EES (n=105) | PFR (n=105) | EES (n=89) | PFR (n=86) | F = | p = | d = | EES (n=70) | PFR (n=59) | F = | p = | d = | |
| Adj M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | |||||||
| Sensitivity | 12.19 (4.17) | 12.20 (3.71) | 11.76 (4.07) | 13.26 (3.70) | 5.22 | .024 | 0.41 | 13.64 (3.22) | 14.52 (3.15) | 2.02 | .158 | 0.29 |
| Support | 2.02 (0.48) | 2.12 (0.47) | 2.14 (0.41) | 2.18 (0.41) | 0.48 | .491 | 0.11 | 2.24 (0.41) | 2.31 (0.41) | 0.58 | .446 | 0.18 |
| Commitment | 4.12 (0.82) | 4.15 (0.88) | 4.21 (0.77) | 4.10 (0.71) | 0.86 | .354 | −0.17 | 4.34 (0.66) | 4.43 (0.59) | 0.67 | .414 | 0.16 |
| Understanding of toddlers | 49.95 (4.12) | 50.84 (4.83) | 50.92 (3.60) | 52.16 (4.98) | 4.21 | .042 | 0.36 | 50.97 (4.09) | 52.42 (4.91) | 3.55 | .062 | 0.39 |
| Stress-Difficult Child | 10.01 (6.00) | 9.82 (5.94) | 9.50 (5.54) | 10.45 (5.92) | 1.54 | .216 | 0.22 | 9.85 (6.13) | 9.57 (5.50) | 0.07 | .790 | −0.06 |
| Stress-Dysfunctional Interaction | 6.38 (4.90) | 5.42 (4.83) | 5.65 (4.58) | 6.13 (5.04) | 0.51 | .478 | 0.13 | 5.06 (4.72) | 5.69 (5.41) | 0.67 | .415 | 0.17 |
Notes: m = mean, adj. m = mean adjusted for ANCOVA model covariates, SD = standard deviation, d = effect size (diff in adjusted means/square root of mean square error).
ANCOVA models adjust for baseline score, age of child, whether multiple removals, caregiver type, and time between baseline and the given follow-up assessment.