Table 4.
Means and Standard Deviations of Child Outcomes at Three Time Points by Experimental Condition; Test Statistic, Significance Level, and Effect Size for PFR at Post-Intervention and 6-month follow-up
| Baseline | Post-intervention | 6-month follow-up | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||
| EES (n=105) | PFR (n=105) | EES (n=89) | PFR (n=86) | F = | p = | d = | EES (n=70) | PFR (n=59) | F = | p = | d = | |
| Adj M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | Adj. M (SD) | |||||||
| Security | 0.46 (0.35) | 0.52 (0.32) | 0.54 (0.29) | 0.58 (0.30) | 0.68 | .410 | 0.16 | 0.55 (0.28) | 0.53 (0.37) | 0.12 | .736 | −0.13 |
| Engagement | 1.91 (0.58) | 2.02 (0.59) | 2.15 (0.49) | 2.08 (0.53) | 0.76 | .386 | −0.15 | 2.38 (0.50) | 2.29 (0.51) | 0.71 | .402 | −0.18 |
| Competence | 15.00. (3.43) | 15.40 (3.58) | 16.38 (3.19) | 17.35 (3.12) | 4.77 | .031 | 0.42 | 17.94 (2.77) | 17.53 (3.28) | 0.63 | .429 | −0.16 |
| Problem behavior | 11.28 (6.39) | 11.10 (6.21) | 10.72 (6.08) | 10.81 (6.45) | 0.01 | .924 | 0.02 | 9.09 (5.76) | 9.88 (5.74) | 0.62 | .434 | 0.16 |
| Internalizing problems | 7.55 (4.88) | 7.39 (5.85) | 0.02 | .879 | −0.03 | |||||||
| Externalizing problems | 13.94 (8.35) | 12.87 (8.55) | 0.42 | .520 | −0.13 | |||||||
| Sleep problems | 3.12 (2.88) | 2.27 (2.17) | 2.85 | .094 | −0.34 | |||||||
| Other problems | 9.99 (5.36) | 9.18 (6.13) | 0.51 | .475 | −0.14 | |||||||
| Emotional regulation | 3.60 (0.83) | 3.68 (0.75) | 4.01 (0.61) | 4.13 (0.69) | 1.02 | .314 | 0.20 | |||||
| Orientation | 3.93 (0.63) | 3.99 (0.68) | 4.38 (0.53) | 4.41 (0.49) | 0.13 | .723 | 0.06 | |||||
Notes: m = mean, adj. m = mean adjusted for ANCOVA model covariates, SD = standard deviation, d = effect size (diff in adjusted means/square root of mean square error).
ANCOVA models adjust for baseline score, age of child, whether multiple removals, caregiver type, and time between baseline and the given follow-up assessment.