Table 1.
Effects of rutin on physical and biochemical parameters of urine
| Treatment | pH | Specific gravity | Urea (mg/dl) | Creatinine (mg/dl) | Creatinine clearance (ml/min) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control |
7.2±0.07++ |
1.2±0.02++ |
93.0±2.0++ |
38.0±1.34++ |
3.4±1.3++ |
| Saline (0.5 ml/kg bw; 0.9% NaCl) |
7.1±0.04++ |
1.1±0.01++ |
91.0±3.25++ |
36.2±0.09++ |
3.3±0.8++ |
| KBrO3 (20 mg/kg bw) |
6.3±0.08** |
1.8±0.05 ** |
195.30±3.98++ |
86.7±3.89** |
1.1±1.9** |
| KBrO3+Rutin (50 mg/kg bw) |
6.7±0.10++ |
1.2±0.07++ |
110.0±2.01*++ |
53.5±1.52++ |
2.7±1.6*++ |
| KBrO3+Rutin (70 mg/kg bw) |
7.0±0.03++ |
1.2±0.04++ |
103.1±3.5++ |
46.3±2.31++ |
3.1±1.3++ |
| Rutin alone (70 mg/kg bw) |
7.1±0.04++ |
1.2±0.06++ |
92.2±3.0++ |
39.1±1.03++ |
3.5±0.3++ |
|
Treatment |
RBC/μl |
WBC/μl |
Protein (mg/dl) |
Albumin (mg/dl) |
Urobilinogen (mg/dl) |
| Control |
0.02±0.00++ |
16.0±1.81++ |
42.8±2.3 ++ |
18.2±2.76++ |
2.47±0.22++ |
| Saline (0.5 ml/kg bw; 0.9% NaCl) |
0.03±0.05++ |
19.6±1.15++ |
43.0±3.2++ |
19.0±3.9++ |
2.43±0.21++ |
| KBrO3 (20 mg/kg bw) |
25.7±1.84** |
68.0±5.0** |
100.0±1.2** |
34.7±1.86** |
15.7±1.89** |
| KBrO3+Rutin (50 mg/kg bw) |
8.8±0.15**++ |
41.00±2.25**++ |
55.0±1.2++ |
24.7±1.86++ |
5.67±1.89++ |
| KBrO3+Rutin (70 mg/kg bw) |
2.3±0.12**++ |
22.5±1.3++ |
45.7±2.1++ |
20.6±1.25++ |
3.62±1.23++ |
| Rutin alone (70 mg/kg bw) | 2.0±0.95**++ | 18.66±0.95++ | 39.0±2.3++ | 17.33±3.71++ | 2.933±0.25++ |
Mean ± SEM (n=6 number).
*, ** indicate significance from the control group at P<0.05 and P<0.01 probability level.
++ indicate significance from the KBrO3 group at P<0.01 probability level.