Table 3.
Associations between maternal BPA urinary concentrations during pregnancy and TH levels in women and their neonates participating in the CHAMACOS study.
| Outcome | Exposure time | Unadjusted models | Adjusted models β (95% CI) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | β (95% CI) | |||||||
| Maternal TH analyses | ||||||||
| Free T4 | Closest measurement | 332 | 0.00 (–0.02, 0.02) | 0.00 (–0.02, 0.02) | ||||
| Free T4 | Farthest measurement | 332 | 0.01 (–0.01, 0.03) | 0.01 (–0.01, 0.03) | ||||
| Free T4 | Pregnancy average | 332 | 0.00 (–0.02, 0.03) | 0.00 (–0.02, 0.03) | ||||
| Total T4 | Closest measurement | 335 | –0.11 (–0.25, 0.02) | –0.13 (–0.25, 0.00)* | ||||
| Total T4 | Farthest measurement | 335 | –0.05 (–0.18, 0.09) | –0.06 (–0.20, 0.08) | ||||
| Total T4 | Pregnancy average | 335 | –0.12 (–0.28, 0.04) | –0.13 (–0.29, 0.02) | ||||
| TSHa | Closest measurement | 335 | –2.9 (–7.5, 2.0) | –3.5 (–8.2, 1.5) | ||||
| TSHa | Farthest measurement | 335 | 0.3 (–4.7, 5.4) | 0.1 (–4.9, 5.5) | ||||
| TSHa | Pregnancy average | 335 | –2.5 (–8.2, 3.6) | –3.3 (–9.2, 2.9) | ||||
| Neonatal TSH analyses | ||||||||
| TSHa | Closest measurement | 364 | –2.4 (–7.3, 2.7) | –2.0 (–6.1, 2.2) | ||||
| TSHa | Farthest measurement | 364 | –1.2 (–7.4, 5.4) | –0.5 (–5.2, 3.3) | ||||
| TSHa | Pregnancy average | 364 | –1.7 (–8.1, 5.2) | –1.8 (–4.2, 0.8) | ||||
| Coefficients represent the mean change (free and total T4) or percent change (TSH) in thyroid hormone levels for each doubling in maternal BPA urinary concentrations. Maternal TH models were adjusted for mother’s age, education level, country of birth, poverty level, alcohol and drug use during pregnancy, iodine intake, and hexachlorobenzene and polychlorinated biphenyl serum concentrations. Neonatal TSH models were adjusted for mother’s country of birth and child’s age at TSH measurement. aPercent change in TSH serum concentration calculated using the following formula: (10β–1) × 100. *p < 0.05. | ||||||||