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. 2012 Sep 26;121(1):1–6. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1205889

Table 2.

CFST model for two exposures.

Type x = 1 z = 1 x = 0 z = 1 x = 1 z = 0 x = 0 z = 0 Description
1 1 1 1 1 Doomed
2a 1 1 1 0 X causal, Z causal, joint causation by X + Z
3a 1 1 0 1
4 1 1 0 0 Z causal, X ineffective
5a 1 0 1 1
6 1 0 1 0 X causal, Z ineffective
7a 1 0 0 1 X preventive, Z preventive, X + Z antagonizes
8a 1 0 0 0 X + Z causal
9a 0 1 1 1 X + Z preventive
10a 0 1 1 0 X causal, Z causal, X + Z antagonizes
11 0 1 0 1 X preventive, Z ineffective
12a 0 1 0 0
13 0 0 1 1 Z preventive, X ineffective
14a 0 0 1 0
15a 0 0 0 1 X preventive, Z preventive, joint prevention by X + Z
16 0 0 0 0 Immune
Outcomes are given as 0 or 1. aInterdependent types according to Greenland and Poole (1988); noninterdependent types are shaded. See also Miettinen (1982).