Table 2. Distribution of 185 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and 404 controls, OR and corresponding 95% CIa, according to separate, combined components and indicators of MetS. Italy, 1999–2002.

	All subjects
	Cases		Controls
	n	%	n	%	OR (95% CI) a
Separate components
Diabetes
No	148	80	378	94	Ref
Yes	37	20	26	6	4.33 (1.89–9.86)
Treated hypertension
No	144	78	288	71	Ref
Yes	41	22	116	29	1.13 (0.61–2.09)
Treated hypercholesterolaemia
No	183	99	380	94	Ref
Yes	2	1	24	6	0.39 (0.05–2.85)
Obesity
BMI ⩾25 kg m−2
No	71	38	146	36	Ref
Yes	114	62	258	64	1.25 (0.72–2.18)
BMI ⩾30 kg m−2
No	147	80	323	80	Ref
Yes	38	20	81	20	1.97 (1.03–3.79)
Combined components
Number of MetS components
(a) Obesity: BMI ⩾25 kg m−2
None	53	29	105	26	Ref
1	80	43	190	47	0.90 (0.47–1.74)
⩾2	52	28	109	27	1.74 (0.82–3.69)
P for trend=0.149
Increment of 1 MetS component					1.39 (0.99–1.95)
(b) Obesity: BMI ⩾30 kg m−2
None	97	52	219	54	Ref
1	62	34	133	33	1.18 (0.64–2.15)
⩾2	26	14	52	13	3.46 (1.54–7.73)
P for trend=0.009
Increment of 1 MetS component					1.58 (1.12–2.23)
Indicator of MetSb
(a) Obesity: BMI ⩾25 kg m−2
No	175	95	388	96	Ref
Yes	10	5	16	4	4.06 (1.33–12.38)
(b) Obesity: BMI ⩾30 kg m−2
No	181	98	394	98	Ref
Yes	4	2	10	2	1.92 (0.38–9.76)

Abbreviations: BMI=body mass index; CI=confidence interval; MetS=metabolic syndrome; OR=odds ratio.

^aEstimated from unconditional logistic regression model adjusted for centre, sex, age, education, drinking status, maximum lifetime alcohol intake, smoking habits, HBsAg and/or anti-HCV positivity, and non-alcohol energy intake.

^bAt least three of the separate components.