Figure 3.

Abnormal neurovascular coupling in glaucoma and factors that may contribute. Primary vascular dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, astrocyte activation and neuronal dysfunction induce compromised neurovascular coupling. This will lead to periods of reduced nutrient supply (including oxygen and glucose) during neuronal stimulation. Such periods are more likely to occur when ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) is reduced or when OPP fluctuates.