. 2013 Feb;195(3):510–522. doi: 10.1128/JB.01505-12

Table 3.

Osmotic induction of opuA transcription

Medium	Osmolarity (mosmol kg⁻¹)	TreA activity (U [mg protein]⁻¹)^a		Intracellular glycine betaine pool (mM)^b
Medium	Osmolarity (mosmol kg⁻¹)	Without glycine betaine	With glycine betaine (1 mM)	Intracellular glycine betaine pool (mM)^b
SMM	356	55 ± 6	12 ± 1	126 ± 1
SMM with 0.68 M glycerol	1,100	62 ± 10	20 ± 2	162 ± 33
SMM with 0.4 M NaCl	1,188	251 ± 17	25 ± 2	304 ± 78
SMM with 0.4 M KCl	1,178	246 ± 33	25 ± 3	299 ± 5
SMM with 0.61 M lactose	1,143	987 ± 73	68 ± 11	776 ± 67
SMM with 0.62 M sucrose	1,118	947 ± 87	63 ± 13	785 ± 89

Cells of the opuA-treA fusion strain MBB9 were grown to the mid-exponential-growth phase (OD₅₇₈, approximately 1) in SMM alone or SMM with increased osmolarities that were generated by the addition of the indicated ionic or nonionic osmolyte.

Cultures of strain RMKB30 (OpuA⁺ OpuC⁻ OpuD⁻) were grown to the mid-exponential-growth phase (OD₅₇₈, approximately 1) in SMM alone or SMM with increased osmolalities in the presence of 1 mM glycine betaine spiked with 0.64 μM radiolabeled [1-¹⁴C]glycine betaine.