Table 3.

Grey Matter Density within Clusters for Subgroups Defined by Current ADHD Diagnostic Status in Mid-Adulthood.

Regions	Maximum Z-scores	MNI Peak (No. of voxels)	Non- ADHD Controls (n=57)		Probands Persistent ADHD (n=17)		Probands Remitters ADHD (n=26)		Non-ADHD Controls vs. P-ADHD		Non-ADHD Controls vs. Remitters		Remitters vs. P-ADHD
			mean	SD	mean	SD	mean	SD	p	ES	p	ES	P	ES
L Sup Parietal (BA7)	5.3	−28, −58, 66 (1747)	0.42	0.04	0.39	0.03	0.39	0.05	0.003	0.86	0.001	0.78	0.993	0
L Cerebellum	4.01	−14, −70, −34 (430)	0.57	0.15	0.51	0.14	0.56	0.16	0.146	0.41	0.821	0.05	0.279	0.34
L Inf Cerebellum	3.44	−32, −42, −58 (41)	0.41	0.17	0.28	0.15	0.34	0.18	0.009	0.74	0.116	0.38	0.27	0.35
L Middle Temp G (BA21)	3.32	−48, 10, −42 (32)	0.39	0.1	0.33	0.1	0.34	0.11	0.048	0.56	0.088	0.41	0.682	0.13
L Temp-occipital (BA37)	3.5	−50, −42, −22 (17)	0.6	0.08	0.55	0.09	0.54	0.07	0.024	0.64	0.002	0.78	0.724	−0.1
Brainstem extending to Cerebellum	3.37	0, −44, −48 (16)	0.36	0.14	0.3	0.12	0.32	0.11	0.1	0.46	0.148	0.35	0.653	0.14
L Temp-parahippocampal (BA35)	3.33	−34, −10, −22 (13)	0.75	0.06	0.73	0.06	0.72	0.07	0.117	0.44	0.027	0.53	0.727	−0.1
L Frontal pole (BA10)	3.31	−16, 52, 32 (9)	0.45	0.05	0.43	0.06	0.43	0.06	0.062	0.52	0.035	0.51	0.972	0.01
R Parietal Postcentral (BA3) extending to BA6	4.7	48,−18, 56 (1196)	0.41	0.04	0.37	0.04	0.38	0.05	0	1.04	0.003	0.72	0.444	0.24
R Cerebellum	3.84	32, −60, −38 (235)	0.51	0.17	0.44	0.14	0.53	0.17	0.146	0.41	0.581	−0.1	0.078	0.56
R Thalamus	3.94	4, −8, 12 (170)	0.73	0.1	0.7	0.09	0.74	0.07	0.202	0.36	0.541	−0.2	0.065	0.59
R Occipital, Cuneus (BA18/19)	3.88	2, −76, 36 (122)	0.67	0.05	0.63	0.06	0.65	0.05	0.005	0.79	0.082	0.42	0.2	0.41
R Sup Frontal G (BA10)	4.25	12, 64, 12 (68)	0.47	0.06	0.45	0.04	0.46	0.05	0.261	0.31	0.398	0.2	0.696	0.12
R Frontal lobe (BA6)	3.66	12, −12, 78 (32)	0.46	0.11	0.41	0.11	0.45	0.14	0.107	0.45	0.75	0.08	0.319	0.31
R Middle Frontal G (BA10) extending to OFC (BA11)	3.41	24, 38, −18 (23)	0.51	0.06	0.45	0.05	0.47	0.06	0.001	0.96	0.005	0.69	0.434	0.25
R Temp Fusiform (BA36)	3.23	34, −34, −26 (13)	0.63	0.08	0.58	0.05	0.6	0.07	0.014	0.69	0.062	0.45	0.423	0.25
R Caudate	3.3	8, 20, −2 (5)	0.51	0.09	0.49	0.07	0.48	0.1	0.41	0.23	0.18	0.32	0.715	−0.1
R Middle Temp (BA21) extending to (BA38)	3.16	52, 6, −32 (5)	0.55	0.06	0.52	0.05	0.51	0.08	0.063	0.52	0.009	0.63	0.614	−0.2
R Middle Temp (BA21) extending to (BA38)	5.3	46, 8, −42 (5)	0.52	0.06	0.51	0.08	0.51	0.05	0.557	0.16	0.561	0.14	0.894	0.04
Anterior Cingulate/limbic (BA24)	3.53	0, 44, −10 (20)	0.82	0.04	0.79	0.04	0.81	0.04	0.016	0.68	0.248	0.28	0.246	0.37

Results for regions which survived FDR<0.05 and extent > 5 voxels in analyses of the entire sample (Figures 3 and 4). Non-ADHD Controls: comparisons who did not meet criteria for any type of ADHD at 41FU longitudinal assessment; ES: Effect Size; BA: Brodmann area; L: Left; Sup: Superior; Temp: Temporal; G: Gyrus; R: Right; Inf: Inferior. OFC: Orbitofrontal cortex; P-values surviving Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons or ES>.50 are indicated in bold.