FIG. 1.

Protein phosphorylation and gene expression in skeletal muscle from NGT or T2D participants. Phosphorylation of STAT3 Tyr⁹⁸⁵ (A) JAK2 (B) and mTOR (C). SOCS3 total protein abundance (D) and mRNA expression (E) in skeletal muscle biopsy specimens. NGT (□) and T2D (■), n = 20 subjects. Results are mean ± SEM. ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, and *P < 0.05 vs. NGT, respectively. Correlation between STAT3 phosphorylation and SOCS3 protein abundance (F) and mRNA expression (G) in skeletal muscle specimens from participants with NGT (○) or T2D (●). P < 0.001, n = 40. NGT and T2D cohorts were separately divided into groups based on normal FFA (<600 μmol/L, □) or high FFA (>600 µmol/L, ■) level. Skeletal muscle p-STAT3 protein abundance is reported in NGT subjects (H) and T2D patients (I). Results are mean ± SEM. **P < 0.01 vs. normal FFA level, n = 20.