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Purified VP2, VP3, and VP4 require HD for activity. A, bacterial expressed and purified wild type and mutant forms of VP2 (232 nm) were assayed as in Fig. 1 for their ability to disrupt the membranes of COS7 cells (10,000 cells). B and C, overlapping HD6 mutations were monitored for membrane disruption activity as in Fig. 1 with VP3 (B) and VP4 (C) as indicated. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three independent experiments.
