Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study id | Drug class or placebo studied | Sample size | Type of study | Tonometry site | Design | Comments | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asmar 2001b | P vs. ARB | 27 | Placebo controlled | Radial | Crossover | Hypertension + Diabetes | [63] |
| Asmar 2001a | ACEI + D vs. BB | 471 | Drug comparison, combination | Carotid | Parallel | [61] | |
| Boutouyrie 2010 | ARB + C vs. ARB + BB | 393 | Combination | Radial | Parallel | [64] | |
| Chen 1995 | ACEI vs. BB* | 79 | Drug comparison | Carotid | Parallel | cSBP not reported | [65] |
| Dart 2007 | ACEI vs. D† | 479 | Drug comparison | Carotid | Parallel | [66] | |
| Deary 2002 | P vs. ACEI vs. C vs. ACEI vs. BB vs. AB vs. D | 30 | Placebo controlled, drug comparison | Radial | Crossover | Separate data for sexes | [49] |
| Dhakam 2006 | BB vs. ARB | 21 | Drug comparison | Radial | Crossover | [67] | |
| Dhakam 2008 | P vs. BB vs. nebivolol | 16 | Placebo controlled, drug comparison | Radial | Crossover | [68] | |
| Doi 2010 | C vs. D | 37 | Drug comparison | Radial | Parallel | [69] | |
| Ferdinand 2011 | Aliskiren + D vs. CCB | 53 | Drug comparison, combination | Carotid | Parallel | African-American | [70] |
| Guerin 1992 | BB vs. C | 20 | Drug comparison | Carotid | Parallel | [71] | |
| Jiang 2007 | ACEI vs. D | 101 | Drug comparison | Radial | Parallel | [72] | |
| London 1994 | C vs. ACEI | 24 | Drug comparison | Carotid | Parallel | End-stage renal disease | [73] |
| London 2004 | ACEI + D vs. BB | 181 | Drug comparison, combination | Carotid | Parallel | [74] | |
| Mackenzie 2009 | C vs. ACEI vs. BB vs. D | 59 | Drug comparison | Radial | Parallel | Isolated systolic hypertension | [75] |
| Mahmud 2000 | ARB | 18 | Drug comparison | Radial | Parallel | [76] | |
| Mahmud 2005 | D vs. spironolactone | 24 | Drug comparison | Radial | Crossover | [77] | |
| Mahmud 2008 | BB vs. nebivolol | 40 | Drug comparison | Radial | Parallel | [78] | |
| Matsui 2009 | ARB + C vs. ARB + D | 207 | Combination | Radial | Parallel | [79] | |
| Mitchell 2002 | ACEI vs. omapatrilat | 167 | Drug comparison | Carotid | Parallel | [80] | |
| Morgan 2004 | P vs. C vs. ACEI vs. BB vs. D | 32 | Placebo controlled, drug comparison | Radial | Crossover | [81] | |
| Neal 2004 | C vs. ACEI vs. BB | 24 | Drug comparison | Radial | Crossover | Liver transplantation | [82] |
| Schneider 2008 | ARB vs. BB | 156 | Drug comparison | Radial | Parallel | [83] | |
| Williams 2006 | BB + D vs ACEi + CCB | 2199 | Combination | Radial | Parallel | [9] |
Abbreviations: AB, α-blocker; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BB, β-blocker; C, calcium channel blocker; cSBP, central systolic blood pressure; D, thiazide diuretic; P, placebo. *Some patients received hydrochlorothiazide in addition to monotherapy. †Only 65% allocated ACEI received monotherapy.