Figure 1.

LXRs and prostate physiology: potential beneficial actions of LXRs over prostate cancer. LXR activity increases IDOL as well as various ABC transporters, which ultimately decreases LDL uptake and increases the efflux of cholesterol, altogether decreasing the intracellular pool of cholesterol. Consequently, this leads to the reduction of androgen synthesis and lipid raft/AKT/survival pathway. LXRs finally induce cell cycle arrests, and by inhibiting the expression of IL-6, COX-2 and iNOS limit the inflammation inside the tumor. Altogether, LXR activation may limit prostate cancer development.