. 2012 Sep 23;20(2):1124–1134. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1191-7

Table 7.

Antioxidant concentrations (nmol –SH g⁻¹ fresh weight, μmol GSH g⁻¹ fresh weight, μmol proline g⁻¹ fresh weight) in the leaves and stems of V. faba plants grown on soil contaminated with heavy metals

	Glutathione		Non-protein –SH groups		Proline
	Leaves	Stems	Leaves	Stems	Leaves	Stems
Pb	38.1 ± 0.7^a,b	42.3 ± 2.1^a,b	270.4 ± 16.7^a,b	145.9 ± 6.8^a,b	0.8 ± 0.06^a,b	0.4 ± 0.02^a
Cd	16.4 ± 0.4^a	29.6 ± 0.3^a	247.2 ± 2.0^a,b	89.1 ± 3.6^a,b	0.8 ± 0.03^a,b	0.4 ± 0.02^a
Cu	16.7 ± 1.2^a,b	40.1 ± 0.9^a,b	290.8 ± 5.5^a	205.1 ± 12.4^a,b	0.6 ± 0.02^a	0.2 ± 0.02^a
Ni	30.3 ± 0.9^a	42.1 ± 0.5^a,b	311.4 ± 14.2^a	147.7 ± 4.4^a,b	2.7 ± 0.04^a,b	2.2 ± 0.02^a,b
Zn	79.4 ± 7.8^a,b	36.4 ± 0.9^a	278.1 ± 11.1^a,b	93.0 ± 4.0^a,b	3.2 ± 0.01^a,b	2.2 ± 0.02^a,b
C	29.5 ± 1.5	31.9 ± 3.1	309.8 ± 13.5^a	123.3 ± 8.5^a	0.5 ± 0.02	0.3 ± 0.01

^aDenotes significant differences between the antioxidant concentrations in the leaves and stems data in one variant of contamination

^bDenotes significant differences between the heavy metal concentrations in plants grown in the contaminated soil and the control (p < 0.05)