Table 2.

The dimensions of data quality and methods of data quality assessment

Dimension	Completeness	Correctness	Concordance	Plausibility	Currency	Total
Method
Gold standard	12–35	12–23 25 26 28–48				37
Data element agreement	49–55 56	49 50 52–54 56–67	51 59 68–72	38 73		26
Element presence	36–39 49 57–59 68 69 74–86					23
Data source agreement	79 87–89	90	91–96			11
Distribution comparison	97–100		31 57 97	50 101 102 103		10
Validity checks		32 62 104 105 106		73 89		7
Log review		73			36 46 52 84	5
Total	61	57	16	7	4

In decreasing order of frequency, the dimensions are listed from left to right, and the methods from top to bottom. The numbers in the cells correspond to the article references featuring each dimension–method pair.