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. 2011 Jan 4;33(2):193–215. doi: 10.1002/job.743

Table 3.

Correlation analysis

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1. Firm size 1
2. Listing 0.14** 1
3. Firm age −0.16** 0.06 1
4. CEO tenure 0.08 0.02 0.17** 1
5. Country (ITA = 1, NOR = 0) 0.22** 0.07 −0.08 0.44** 1
6. CEO duality 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.42** 0.34** 1
7. Board size 0.12* 0.25** 0.11* 0.08 0.16** 0.13** 1
8. Non-executives ratio −0.06 0.16** 0.10* −0.32** −0.60** −0.27** 0.24** 1
9. Director ownership −0.06 −0.10 0.05 0.29** 0.27** 0.14** −0.21** −0.37** 1
10. Effort norms −0.02 0.13** 0.05 0.00 −0.09 −0.05 −0.13** 0.07 0.03 1
11. Cognitive conflicts −0.03 −0.06 −0.04 −0.15** −0.21** −0.15* 0.00 0.12** 0.06 0.20** 1
12. Use of knowledge and skills −0.02 0.07 0.05 0.08 0.16** 0.13** 0.01 −0.17** 0.15** 0.19** −0.23** 1
13. Advisory tasks 0.01 0.11* 0.01 0.03 −0.04 0.05 −0.13** −0.06 0.12* 0.40** 0.01 0.34**
14. Control tasks −0.04 0.13** 0.16** −0.12* −0.42** −0.15** −0.03 0.23** −0.12* 0.36** 0.01 0.26** 0.52** 1
15. Roa (t + 1) 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.06 0.05 −0.01 −0.06 0.06 0.07 −0.09 0.19** 0.22** 0.18** 1
Mean 11.80 0.20 3.59 11.76 0.49 0.19 6.62 0.67 27.26 3.07 1.90 3.88 3.15 3.75 6.06
SD 2.20 0.40 0.92 11.36 0.50 0.36 3.00 0.34 37.18 0.81 0.77 0.68 0.84 0.85 8.81

Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients. 2-tailed: *< 0.05; **< 0.01, N = 414.