Table 4.
Regression analyses for control task performance
| Standardized β coefficients N = 415 | Model I | Model II | Model III | Model IV | Model V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls | |||||
| Firm size | −0.07† | −0.06 | −0.05 | 0.02 | 0.04 |
| Listing | 0.14** | 0.14** | 0.07 | 0.10* | 0.10* |
| Firm age | 0.20*** | 0.18*** | 0.15*** | 0.07† | 0.07† |
| CEO tenure | −0.15*** | −0.04 | −0.05 | 0.06 | 0.04 |
| Board demography | |||||
| CEO duality | −0.08 | −0.08† | −0.05 | −0.04 | |
| Board size | −0.12* | −0.06 | 0.08† | 0.10* | |
| Non-executives ratio | 0.16** | 0.17*** | −0.11† | −0.13* | |
| Director ownership | −0.07 | −0.10* | −0.06 | −0.06 | |
| Board processes | |||||
| Effort norms | 0.29*** | 0.28*** | 0.14* | ||
| Cognitive conflicts | −0.02 | −0.07† | −0.13* | ||
| Use of knowledge and skills | 0.23*** | 0.24*** | 0.32*** | ||
| Country effect | |||||
| Country (ITA = 1, Nor = 0) | −0.53*** | −0.55*** | |||
| Interactions | |||||
| Country (ITA) * effort norms | 0.18** | ||||
| Country (ITA) * conflicts | 0.07 | ||||
| Country (ITA) * use of knowledge | −0.09 | ||||
| R2 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.26 | 0.38 | 0.41 |
| Adj R2 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.37 | 0.39 |
| F change | 8.6*** | 4.91*** | 27.2*** | 81.3*** | 5.2** |
| F (sign) full model | 7.8*** | 6.9*** | 13.4*** | 21.5*** | 18.7*** |
† = 0.10-level, * = 0.05-level, ** = 0.01-level, ***= 0.001-level.
The listwise deletion procedure determined a number of complete observations of N = 415.
Note: Some changes have been made to this table to correct layout and reporting of decimal places on 7 February 2011 after first publication online on 5 January 2011.