Table 1.

Baseline demographics and housing characteristics of HEAL children by parish (%).

All (n = 182)	Orleans Parish [n = 126 (69%)]	Jefferson Parisha [n = 56 (31%)]	p-Value
Demographics
Percent male	54	56	48	0.34
Race/ethnicity	< 0.01
African American	67	81	36
Hispanic	7	6	9
Caucasian/other	26	13	55
At least one household member employed	91	90	95	0.40
Household income < $15,000	25	31	12	< 0.01
At least one smoker in household	32	34	27	0.39
Total no. of people in household	0.73
2–3	29	31	25
4–5	57	56	59
≥ 6	14	13	16
Caretaker married	54	45	75	< 0.01
Caretaker completed high school	88	88	89	0.99
Housing
No. of times relocated since Katrinab	3.09 ± 2.03	3.26 ± 2.09	2.71 ± 1.85	0.09
Current housing type
Single-family detached house	64	56	82
Multifamily house (duplex/triplex/row house)	23	30	7
Apartment	8	8	9
FEMA trailer	5	6	2
Current housing damage	0.09
Flooding only	23	29	13
Roof leak only	25	23	29
Flooding and roof leak	14	14	12
None	38	34	46
Mold air samplingc
Indoor total	502	567	379	0.05
Outdoor total	3,958	4,054	3,751	0.74
aIncludes children recruited from Jefferson (49), St. Bernard (5), St. Tammany (2), and Plaquemines (0) parishes. bMean ± SD. cSpores/m3 reported as geometric means.